Can a co-trustee act alone?

Asked by: Arnaldo Bayer  |  Last update: September 7, 2025
Score: 4.1/5 (26 votes)

If there are co-trustees, or co-successor trustees, the language in the trust determines whether each can act alone or whether they must act together.

Can co-trustees act independently of each other?

In California, trust law dictates that co-trustees must act unanimously. However, if the trust document states that they can act independently, the trust will trump California trust law.

How much power does a co-trustee have?

Whether it's choosing to sell a family home or deciding how much money should be distributed to a beneficiary, both co-trustees have equal authority, and both must be on the same page.

What are the disadvantages of a co-trustee?

Disagreements and Delays: Co-trustees may disagree on decisions or interpretations of the trust document, leading to delays in trust administration. Shared Liability: Each co-trustee is jointly responsible for the management of the trust, meaning if one makes a mistake, all co-trustees could be held liable.

What are the rights of a co-trustee?

Co-trustees may have equal powers, or their powers may be divided in accordance with the trust instrument. Two trustees can be required to obtain the consent of the other trustees before taking certain actions, or you can authorize one co-trustee to act alone.

Co-Trustees

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What a trustee can and Cannot do?

A trustee must abide by the trust document and the California Probate Code. They are prohibited from using trust assets for personal gain and must act in the best interest of the beneficiaries. Trust assets are meant for the benefit of the trust beneficiaries and not for the personal use of the trustee.

How do you deal with a difficult co-trustee?

Steps to Follow with a Difficult Co-Trustee
  1. Step 1: Understand Your Duties as a Trustee. ...
  2. Step 2: Find a Trust Attorney to Advise You. ...
  3. Step 3: Try to Work Together. ...
  4. Step 4: Be Proactive in Going to Court, But Don't Overreach. ...
  5. Step 5: Consider Mediation. ...
  6. Step 6: Keep a Positive Attitude.

What is the problem with co-trustees?

What are the Pitfalls of a Co-Trustee? One of most difficult aspects of co-trustees working together is the requirement of unanimity. A majority rule does not exist for two co-trustees. The management of the trust means there must be agreement on all action taken.

Can a co-trustee withdraw money from a trust?

Yes, a trustee in California can withdraw money from a trust, but only under certain conditions. The authority to withdraw and use trust funds must be in accordance with the terms of the trust document and California law.

What makes a trustee unfit?

Negligence or Mismanagement of Trust Assets

So, if a trustee fails to do so, whether it is out of negligence, incompetence, or outright malice, then a trustee is unfit to manage the trust, and this constitutes a breach of his or her fiduciary duty and can be one reason for removing a trustee.

Can a co-trustee remove a beneficiary?

Can a Trustee Change the Beneficiary? Trustees generally do not have the power to change the beneficiary of a trust. The right to add and remove beneficiaries is a power reserved for the settlor of the trust; when the grantor dies, their trust will usually become irrevocable.

Is a trustee more powerful than an executor?

The answer to who holds more power depends largely on the context and specific circumstances of the estate or trust. Here's a summary to help clarify: Duration of Authority: Trustees often have ongoing responsibilities and powers that can extend indefinitely, while executors have a more limited, temporary role.

Can co-trustees sue each other?

And when co-trustees are appointed, trustees not only have the ability to contest certain aspects of a trust, they may have the duty to do so. Specifically, if one co-trustee concludes that the other co-trustee(s) are breaching their duties, they have the obligation to take legal action against their co-trustee.

Who Cannot act as a trustee?

Anyone 16 and over (18 for an Unincorporated Association or Charitable Trust) who is not 'disqualified' can be a Trustee. The reasons for disqualification were set down by the Charities Act 2011, and were designed to prevent people convicted of financial crimes, or who made serious financial errors, becoming trustees.

What happens if a co-trustee becomes incapacitated?

At the point when an attorney or court determines that a Trustee is unable or unwilling to continue serving, it will be necessary for the Successor Trustee to accept their new role as fiduciary.

Can a trustee distribute to themselves?

The short answer to this question, is maybe. It all depends on the terms of the trust deed. In particular, it will depend on whether the trustee falls within the definition of a 'beneficiary' of the trust. It will also depend on whether the trust deed specifically excludes the trustee from benefiting.

Can a trustee take all the money?

Ultimately, trustees can only withdraw money from a trust account for specific expenses within certain limitations. Their duties require them to comply with the grantor's wishes. If they breach their fiduciary duties, they will be removed as the trustee and face a surcharge for compensatory damages.

What is the biggest mistake parents make when setting up a trust fund?

Selecting the wrong trustee is easily the biggest blunder parents can make when setting up a trust fund. As estate planning attorneys, we've seen first-hand how this critical error undermines so many parents' good intentions.

What can a trustee not do?

Failing to properly invest trust funds, engaging in self-dealing, and preferring one beneficiary over the other beneficiaries are the more frequent ways a trustee mismanages a trust or breaches his or her fiduciary duty.

Can one trustee act alone?

Co-trustees are typically family members or friends who are entrusted with the responsibility of managing and administering the trust according to the terms outlined in the trust document. The California Probate Code states that if a trust has multiple trustees, each must participate in trust administration.

Are trustees liable for debt?

Operational liabilities

guarantee. If the charity is not incorporated and cannot meet its obligations, the trustees are personally liable and the members of an association may be liable as the charity does not have its own separate legal personality.

What happens if two trustees disagree?

Resolving Problems Among Co-Trustees

The trustees may agree to ask the court for instructions, or one trustee may appeal to the court to prevent the other trustee from acting. If disagreements happen frequently, one trustee may resign, or one may petition the probate court for removal of the other trustee.

Can a trustee kick you out?

In general, the steps to this process are: The trustee must send a written notice to the beneficiary to vacate the real property. Under California law, if the beneficiary has been in possession of the property for less than a year, then a 30-day notice is sufficient.

What is misconduct of a trustee?

Examples of executor misconduct and trustee misconduct include: Failing to provide accountings to beneficiaries. Favoring one beneficiary over another. Misappropriating or misusing estate or trust assets for personal gain. Commingling personal assets with those of the estate or trust.

How do you hold a trustee accountable?

In order for the beneficiary to hold the trustee accountable, the beneficiary must have information about what the trustee is required to do and what the trustee actually does. Thus, the trustee has a duty to account and to inform.