Most conventional mortgage loans allow homebuyers to use gift money for their down payment and closing costs as long as it's a gift from an acceptable source, such as from family members. Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac define family as the following: Parent.
There are no limits on the amount someone can give you for a mortgage down payment or closing costs. However, depending on the loan and property type, you may be required to contribute a certain percentage of the down payment from your own funds.
Lenders generally won't allow you to use a cash gift from just anyone to get a mortgage. The money usually must come from a family member, such as a parent, grandparent or sibling. It's also generally acceptable to receive gifts from your spouse, domestic partner or significant other if you're engaged to be married.
Anyone you have a relationship with can provide a down payment gift, but the one caveat is that they can't be an interested party. An interested party is someone involved in your home purchase transaction, for example, your real estate agent.
Gift Tax Rules
So how much can parents gift for a down payment? For 2020, the IRS gift tax exclusion is $15,000 per recipient. That means that you and your spouse can each gift up to $15,000 to anyone, including adult children, with no gift tax implications.
Under current law, the parent has a lifetime limit of gifts equal to $11,700,000. The federal estate tax laws provide that a person can give up to that amount during their lifetime or die with an estate worth up to $11,700,000 and not pay any estate taxes.
In 2021, you can give up to $15,000 to someone in a year and generally not have to deal with the IRS about it. In 2022, this increases to $16,000. If you give more than $15,000 in cash or assets (for example, stocks, land, a new car) in a year to any one person, you need to file a gift tax return.
The borrower—or the person receiving the money—doesn't have to report the gift to the IRS or pay gift or income tax on its value.
Familiarize yourself with gift tax law.
Any method of paying for someone else's mortgage would qualify as a gift. In the United States, if you give someone a certain amount of money without receiving a service in return, you become liable for the gift tax.
Proof of Funds usually comes in the form of a bank, security or custody statement, and can be procured from your bank or financial institution that holds your money. Bank statements are the most common document to use as POF and can typically be found online or at a bank branch.
Can I gift my child money to buy a home? Yes. The majority of parents give their children the gift of cash to make up the shortfall in their deposit and boost their borrowing power so they can access a cheaper mortgage deal and/or borrow more.
Form 709 is the form that you'll need to submit if you give a gift of more than $15,000 to one individual in a year. On this form, you'll notify the IRS of your gift. The IRS uses this form to track gift money you give in excess of the annual exclusion throughout your lifetime.
When you give anyone property valued at more than $15,000 in any one year, you have to file a gift tax form. Also, under current law (2020) you can gift a total of $11.58 million over your lifetime without incurring a gift tax.
No. It is perfectly legal to sell your house to a family member if you do it the right way. Keep documentation of the property's appraised value and how much you sold it for. Follow the regulations around gifts of equity and be aware of the capital gains tax implications.
The first tax-free giving method is the annual gift tax exclusion. In 2021, the exclusion limit is $15,000 per recipient, and it rises to $16,000 in 2022. You can give up to $15,000 worth of money and property to any individual during the year without any estate or gift tax consequences.
“When someone gifts funds it's usually done at closing or close to closing, that's what family members do because they want to make sure the money is used for the home purchase,” Eyman says. “In order to give someone money for a down payment they have to write a letter explaining who they are and what the money's for.”
For 2018, 2019, 2020 and 2021, the annual exclusion is $15,000. For 2022, the annual exclusion is $16,000.
The 7 year rule
No tax is due on any gifts you give if you live for 7 years after giving them - unless the gift is part of a trust. This is known as the 7 year rule. If you die within 7 years of giving a gift and there's Inheritance Tax to pay on it, the amount of tax due after your death depends on when you gave it.
You can gift up to $14,000 to any single individual in a year without have to report the gift on a gift tax return. If your gift is greater than $14,000 then you are required to file a Form 709 Gift Tax Return with the IRS.
Say you give two favored relatives $20,000 each in 2021 and give another relative $10,000. The $20,000 gifts are called taxable gifts because they exceed the $15,000 annual exclusion. But you won't actually owe any gift tax unless you've exhausted your lifetime exemption amount. ($20,000 - $15,000) x 2 = $10,000.
You may give each grandchild up to $16,000 a year (in 2022) without having to report the gifts. If you're married, both you and your spouse can make such gifts. For example, a married couple with four grandchildren may give away up to $128,000 a year with no gift tax implications.
Annual Gift Tax Exclusion.
As of 2018, each parent may give each child up to $15,000 each year as a tax-free gift, regardless of the number of children the parent has.
If you are married, both you and your spouse can give separate gifts of up to $10,000 to the same person each year without making a taxable gift.