While debt collectors cannot have you arrested for not paying your credit card debt, creditors can still use the legal system to make sure they get their money back. The most common legal recourse is to sue you for payment. If you get sued for unpaid credit card debt, don't ignore the lawsuit.
But generally, if you don't pay your credit card bill, you can expect that your credit scores will suffer, you'll incur charges such as late fees and a higher penalty interest rate, and your account may be closed. And the longer it takes for you to pay that bill, the worse the effects may be.
Always follow all court orders
There are no longer any debtor's prisons in the United States – you can't go to jail for simply failing to make payment on a civil debt (credit cards and loans).
Most creditors will sell your debt to a third-party collection agency. These agencies often pursue the harshest possible legal actions, which vary from state to state. In some states, you can be sued. In others, a lien can be placed on your bank account.
Failure to pay credit card debt is not a crime in the United States. The US have debunked debt imprisonment in the 1950's which decriminalized the act.
Although the law provides that one cannot be imprisoned for non-payment of debt, the obligation to pay what you owe another will always stand. As you may have read above, one can never escape the liability to pay, no matter how lenient you think the law is.
When your card issuer – or a collection agency that has purchased your debt from the issuer – can't get you to pay your bill, a lawsuit seeks to obtain a court judgment, which may give the company the right to garnish your wages and bank account until the debt is paid. [Read: Best Credit Cards for Bad Credit.]
The statute of limitations is a law that limits how long debt collectors can legally sue consumers for unpaid debt. The statute of limitations on debt varies by state and type of debt, ranging from three years to as long as 20 years.
Credit card companies sue for non-payment in about 15% of collection cases. Usually debt holders only have to worry about lawsuits if their accounts become 180-days past due and charge off, or default.
If you continue to not pay, your issuer may close your account, though you'll still be responsible for the bill. If you don't pay your credit card bill for a long enough time, your issuer could eventually sue you for repayment or sell your debt to a collections agency (which could then sue you).
Conclusion. If you don't pay a collection agency, the agency will send the matter back to the original creditor unless the collection agency owns the debt. If the collection agency owns the debt, they may send the matter to another collection agency. Often, the collection agency or the original creditor will sue you.
A statute of limitations is a law that tells you how long someone has to sue you. In California, most credit card companies and their debt collectors have only four years to do so. Once that period elapses, the credit card company or collector loses its right to file a lawsuit against you.
A judgment gives the creditor the right to use additional collection methods to collect the debt owed to them. For example, if the credit card company proves to the court that you owe $5,000, a court may enter a judgment saying that you owe $5,000 (plus costs and interest).
In most states, the debt itself does not expire or disappear until you pay it. Under the Fair Credit Reporting Act, debts can appear on your credit report generally for seven years and in a few cases, longer than that.
There are 3 ways to remove collections without paying: 1) Write and mail a Goodwill letter asking for forgiveness, 2) study the FCRA and FDCPA and craft dispute letters to challenge the collection, and 3) Have a collections removal expert delete it for you.
Can a debt collector come to your house without notice? Yes, there's no formal process that debt collectors have to follow, unlike court appointed representatives, such as bailiffs. There are standards debt collectors have to meet and limitations to their powers.
Typically, a credit card company will write off a debt when it considers it uncollectable. In most cases, this happens after you have not made any payments for at least six months. However, each creditor has a different process for determining whether a debt is uncollectable.
Complain to Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. The CFPB began accepting complaints against credit card companies in 2012. You can file a complaint on-line, by phone or by mail. You should also file the same complaint with your state Attorney General.
You can file a document in state court claiming the exemption and the judge will decide whether it is valid or not. File for bankruptcy. You can immediately stop a credit card garnishment with bankruptcy. It will likely wipe out other debt, too.
Any time you fail to consolidate an outstanding loan, you may be blacklisted, and the effect of that is the rejection of your requests anytime you try to apply for a loan from any creditor.
At any point: The creditor or collection agency may sue you for unpaid debts and get a judgment that allows them to take money from your paycheck or bank account, or get a lien against your property.
Debt collectors may not be able to sue you to collect on old (time-barred) debts, but they may still try to collect on those debts. In California, there is generally a four-year limit for filing a lawsuit to collect a debt based on a written agreement.
If the original creditor, such as a credit card issuer or mortgage lender, is handling the debt collection, then your payments will go to the creditor. But if the original creditor hires a debt collector or sells your debt to a debt collector, you'll send payments to the debt collector.