The federal government won't take your home because you owe student loan debt. However, if you default and the U.S. Department of Education cannot garnish your wages, offset your tax refund, or take your Social Security Benefits, it may sue you.
If a defaulted student loan is unsecured, like all federal student loans and most private student loans, the lender must sue the borrower and get a court judgment against the borrower before they can seize the borrower's property.
Failing to pay your student loan within 90 days classifies the debt as delinquent, which means your credit rating will take a hit. After 270 days, the student loan is in default and may then be transferred to a collection agency. Keeping up with your student loan payments helps improve your credit score.
Student loans add to your debt-to-income ratio
Student loans increase your DTI, which isn't ideal when applying for mortgages. Most mortgage lenders require your total DTI ratio, including your prospective mortgage payment, to be 45 percent or less, though it's possible to find lenders that will accept a higher DTI.
Do student loans go away after 7 years? While negative information about your student loans may disappear from your credit reports after seven years, the student loans will remain on your credit reports — and in your life — until you pay them off.
Credit Score Impact: Like with federal loans, defaulting on private student loans damages your credit score and the late payments remain on your credit report for seven years. Legal Actions and Wage Garnishment: Private lenders can sue for unpaid debts, potentially leading to wage garnishment if they win the case.
At what age do student loans get written off? There is no specific age when students get their loans written off in the United States, but federal undergraduate loans are forgiven after 20 years, and federal graduate school loans are forgiven after 25 years.
Key Takeaways
Student loans are considered good debt due to their potential for long-term benefits, including increased earning potential. Other factors of good debt include lower interest rates, flexible repayment options, and potential tax deductions.
It's important to note that lenders care far more about your debt-to-income ratio than they do your total debt expenses. So, even if you have $100k in student loan debt, if your overall DTI is still within the ideal range, you're in the green.
No, you can't go to jail for not paying your student loans. So if that was a fear you had, take a deep breath—no one is coming to arrest you if you miss a payment. But like we mentioned, you can be sued over defaulted student loans. This would be a civil case—not a criminal one.
Any borrower with ED-held loans that have accumulated time in repayment of at least 20 or 25 years will see automatic forgiveness, even if the loans are not currently on an IDR plan. Borrowers with FFELP loans held by commercial lenders or Perkins loans not held by ED can benefit if they consolidate into Direct Loans.
Student loan borrowers won't face significant penalties for missed payments through September 2024. Struggling borrowers will be shielded from significant penalties for late and missed payments through September 2024.
Lenders can garnish your bank account to recover student loan debt, and they can do it in different ways depending on whether your student loans are federal or private.
If you have federal student loans and are making payments under an income-driven repayment (IDR) plan, you may be able to have your loans forgiven after 20 years. That can give you hope and a tangible goal to work toward as you continue to make your payments.
Undergraduate borrowers who owe less than $12,000 will be eligible to receive the remaining balance of their loans forgiven after 10 years. Under existing plans, borrowers must make 20 or 25 years of eligible payments to have their loans forgiven.
If those monthly payments look low compared to what most borrowers pay, it's because most borrowers carry a lot more than $20,000 in student loan debt. As of March 2023, the average federal student loan debt in the United States was about $37,720, according to a BestColleges analysis of Education Department data.
How long does paying off $100K in student loans take? Although the standard repayment plan is typically 10 years, some loans and repayment plans have longer terms, so you could be repaying for 20 or even 30 years.
The average student loan debt amount is slightly over $30,000. However, many borrowers owe $50,000 or more in student loan debt. This isn't impossible to overcome using the right repayment methods.
As the credit card debt is higher interest and you carry a large balance on it, that debt is usually costing you more than your student loans. “Get that out of the way,” he says. “Pay those balances down [and] find a way to accelerate the repayment of that debt.”
Interest can make student loans more expensive, while inflation can make that debt harder to manage alongside other bills. Paying off some of your debt during your studies could ease the burden later on and save you money on interest.
Beginning in February, certain student loan borrowers who have spent a decade in repayment will get their federal student loan debt forgiven, the Biden administration recently announced. Most borrowers need to make payments for 20 years or 25 years on an income-driven repayment plan before their debt is erased.
Your student loans won't be automatically forgiven when you retire.
In most cases, the borrower no longer had any outstanding student loan reported on their credit record in February 2023, suggesting the loan may have been paid off, discharged, or aged off the borrower's credit record.