If you pay off all your credit card accounts (not just the one you're canceling) to $0 before canceling your card, you can avoid a decrease in your credit score. Typically, leaving your credit card accounts open is the best option, even if you're not using them.
Closing credit cards can lower your score temporarily. It decreases your credit availability, may shorten the length of your credit history, and may increase your total utilization if you have other cards with balances. This is temporary and shouldn't be a huge negative impact.
Your score is based on the average age of all your accounts, so closing the one that's been open the longest could lower your score the most. Closing a new account will have less of an impact.
Your credit utilization ratio goes up
By closing a credit card account with zero balance, you're removing all of that card's available balance from the ratio, in turn, increasing your utilization percentage. The higher your balance-to-limit ratio, the more it can hurt your credit.
Closing one credit card account likely won't make a big enough dent to hurt your chances of approval with future lenders, especially if you'll still have another form of revolving credit open, but it's worth being mindful of this if you want the highest credit score possible.
Keep your cards open, if it makes sense
But closing a credit card could hurt you in terms of your credit scores. That's because one of the largest factors in your credit scores is your credit utilization ratio, or how much credit you're using compared with how much you have available. The lower that ratio, the better.
While closing a credit card can affect your credit scores, it's hard to say by how much. That's because there are other factors—such as the length of your credit history and whether you have a record of making payments on time—that also play a role in your scores.
Key takeaways
If you don't use your card, your credit card issuer may lower your credit limit or close your account due to inactivity. Closing a credit card account can affect your credit scores by decreasing your available credit and increasing your credit utilization ratio.
It's important to pay off all your credit card balances before closing a credit card — not just the one you're closing. This will ensure that your credit utilization (which makes up 30% of your FICO Score) isn't impacted. Call your credit card issuer to confirm your balance is paid off.
In general, keep unused credit cards open so you benefit from longer average credit history and lower credit utilization. Consider putting one small regular purchase on the card and paying it off automatically to keep the card active.
It's generally recommended that you have two to three credit card accounts at a time, in addition to other types of credit. Remember that your total available credit and your debt to credit ratio can impact your credit scores. If you have more than three credit cards, it may be hard to keep track of monthly payments.
It's also worth doing your homework before applying to make sure the card is useful for your future spending. Experts generally don't recommend you ever cancel a credit card, unless you're paying for it (such as in the form of an annual fee) and not ever using it.
In fact, having a zero balance or close-to-zero balance on your credit cards can be beneficial in many ways. A few of the most important benefits are: reducing debt, improving one's credit score and avoiding late payments and/or interest charges.
There's nothing wrong with canceling a credit card before paying the annual fee. No matter the reason, it's perfectly okay. Maybe the annual fee is too difficult to justify; maybe the card doesn't align with your spending habits.
If you don't want to keep or use the new credit card, and there are no other credit cards from the credit issuer to fit your needs, your last option should be to cancel the new credit card. To do that, call the card's customer service number and talk to a representative about how to close your account.
Closing a credit card could lower the amount of overall credit you have versus the amount of credit you're using (your debt to credit utilization ratio), which could impact your credit scores.
There are some differences around how the various data elements on a credit report factor into the score calculations. Although credit scoring models vary, generally, credit scores from 660 to 724 are considered good; 725 to 759 are considered very good; and 760 and up are considered excellent.
Using more of your credit card balance than usual — even if you pay on time — can reduce your score until a new, lower balance is reported the following month. Closed accounts and lower credit limits can also result in lower scores even if your payment behavior has not changed.
Card issuers pull your credit report when you apply for a new credit card because they want to see how much of a risk you pose before lending you a line of credit. This credit check is called a hard inquiry, or "hard pull," and temporarily lowers your credit score a few points.
“(But) remember that closing the card does not release you from the obligation to pay off the balance,” said Erika Kullberg, attorney, personal finance expert, and founder of Erika.com. “Interest will continue to accrue until the debt is repaid in full.
Closing a personal line of credit can harm your credit score, primarily by affecting your credit utilization ratio. When you close a line of credit, you reduce your overall available credit, which can also impact the length of your credit history.
Keep in mind that there is no such thing as “too many credit cards” as far as credit scoring formulas are concerned. As long as you pay your bills on time and use only a small portion of your available credit limits, you can have lots of cards and great scores.
Regardless of why your account was closed, you'll need to pay any balance you owe. Understanding the proper steps to pay off a closed credit card account is crucial for maintaining your financial health and credit score.
It's a good idea to pay off your credit card balance in full whenever you're able. Carrying a monthly credit card balance can cost you in interest and increase your credit utilization rate, which is one factor used to calculate your credit scores.