Contrary to what many consumers think, paying off an account that's gone to collections will not improve your credit score. The information provided on this website does not, and is not intended to, act as legal, financial or credit advice. See Lexington Law's editorial disclosure for more information.
Once a debt is charged-off (meaning the creditor has written off your debt as a loss and disallowed further use of the account), it stays this way on your credit report regardless of whether or not you pay the debt. If you decide to pay it, the debt will merely be reflected on your report as a 'paid charge off.
Credit utilization — the portion of your credit limits that you are currently using — is a significant factor in credit scores. It is one reason your credit score could drop a little after you pay off debt, particularly if you close the account.
It's always a good idea to pay collection debts you legitimately owe. Paying or settling collections will end the harassing phone calls and collection letters, and it will prevent the debt collector from suing you.
Your overall credit profile
As the CFPB notes, if your score was 780 before you received the collection account, paying it off could raise your score by a full 105–125 points.
Yes, it is possible to have a credit score of at least 700 with a collections remark on your credit report, however it is not a common situation. It depends on several contributing factors such as: differences in the scoring models being used.
If you have a collection account that's less than seven years old, you should still pay it off if it's within the statute of limitations. First, a creditor can bring legal action against you, including garnishing your salary or your bank account, at least until the statute of limitations expires.
Generally speaking, having a debt listed as paid in full on your credit reports sends a more positive signal to lenders than having one or more debts listed as settled. Payment history accounts for 35% of your FICO credit score, so the fewer negative marks you have—such as late payments or settled debts—the better.
Collections show on your credit report, and outstanding collections will raise concerns for lenders. Charge-offs are debts that cannot be collected and are written off by the lender. Any debt overdue (120 days for loans, 180 days for credit card debt) must be written off.
However, on a credit report, a paid collection can still stay on your credit report for up to seven years, regardless of whether the account has a $0 balance. After seven years, the paid collection will automatically drop off your credit report.
The Takeaway
Should you pay off debt before buying a house? Not necessarily, but you can expect lenders to take into consideration how much debt you have and what kind it is. Considering a solution that might reduce your payments or lower your interest rate could improve your chances of getting the home loan you want.
Paying a closed or charged off account will not typically result in immediate improvement to your credit scores, but can help improve your scores over time.
You aren't off the hook for unpaid credit card debt after 7 years. If you are still within your state's statute of limitations, you may want to work with debt collectors to settle the debt rather than risk being sued.
If the debt is still listed on your credit report, it's a good idea to pay it off so you can improve your credit card or loan approval odds. Keep in mind that paying the debt won't remove it from your credit report (unless you negotiate a pay for delete), but it does look better than the alternative.
The Benefit of Paying Your Charge-Off
For one, paying a charge-off makes you look better when you apply for credit. Lenders, creditors, and other businesses are less likely to approve an application as long as you have outstanding past due balances on your credit report.
If your debt has been sent to a collections agency, paying off collections can have a positive effect on your credit score. However, the negative effects of having a derogatory mark on your credit report will still remain.
Paying off a derogatory closed account will not remove it from your credit report and will not directly increase your credit score, but it could have an indirect effect.
Some credit scoring models exclude collection accounts once they are paid in full, so you could experience a credit score increase as soon as the collection is reported as paid. Most lenders view a collection account that has been paid in full as more favorable than an unpaid collection account.
Does Debt Settlement Hurt Your Credit? Debt settlement affects your credit for up to 7 years, lowering your credit score by as much as 100 points initially and then having less of an effect as time goes on. The events that typically lead up to debt settlement will affect your credit score, too.
In most cases, the statute of limitations for a debt will have passed after 10 years. This means a debt collector may still attempt to pursue it (and you technically do still owe it), but they can't typically take legal action against you.
What happens if you pay off a collection account? Unfortunately, your credit score won't increase if you pay off a collection account because the item won't be taken off your credit report. It will show up as “paid” instead of “unpaid,” which might positively influence a lender's opinion.
The goodwill deletion request letter is based on the age-old principle that everyone makes mistakes. It is, simply put, the practice of admitting a mistake to a lender and asking them not to penalize you for it. Obviously, this usually works only with one-time, low-level items like 30-day late payments.