Gifts and inheritance Personal income types
If you received a gift or inheritance, do not include it in your income. However, if the gift or inheritance later produces income, you will need to pay tax on that income.
Do you need to declare inheritance money? No. Any tax due will normally be taken out of the deceased's estate, and the executor will usually take care of it. This means you won't need to declare inheritance money to HMRC – an inheritance isn't classed as income, and therefore isn't taxable.
Many people worry about the estate tax affecting the inheritance they pass along to their children, but it's not a reality most people will face. In 2025, the first $13,990,000 of an estate is exempt from federal estate taxes, up from $13,610,000 in 2024. Estate taxes are based on the size of the estate.
There are many documents you may submit to prove the source of funds, like bank statements, business records, tax records, gifts, sale of property, inheritance documents (in your case, you do not have those) or probate documents. You must be able to show the sources of the funds.
Inheritance checks are generally not reported to the IRS unless they involve cash or cash equivalents exceeding $10,000. Banks and financial institutions are required to report such transactions using Form 8300. Most inheritances are paid by regular check, wire transfer, or other means that don't qualify for reporting.
Typically, the estate will pay any estate tax owed, with the beneficiaries receiving assets from the estate free of income taxes (see exception for retirement assets in the chart below). As a beneficiary, if you later sell or earn income from inherited assets, there may be income tax consequences.
This means that when the beneficiary withdraws those monies from the accounts, the beneficiary will receive a 1099 from the company administering the plan and must report that income on their income tax return (and must pay income taxes on the sum).
Immediately after receiving an inheritance, you should notify your local Social Security office.
Generally, beneficiaries do not pay income tax on money or property that they inherit, but there are exceptions for retirement accounts, life insurance proceeds, and savings bond interest. Money inherited from a 401(k), 403(b), or IRA is taxable if that money was tax deductible when it was contributed.
If you receive income from an inheritance, providing documentation such as a will or a letter from the estate executor can prove your financial resources. This documentation should outline the amount inherited and any distribution schedule, giving landlords a clear understanding of your long-term financial stability.
If the property needs to go through the probate court process, the house can stay in a decedent's name until the probate process has been completed and ownership of the property has been transferred.
For the inheritance process to begin, a will must be submitted to probate. The probate court reviews the will, authorizes an executor and legally transfers assets to beneficiaries as outlined. Before the transfer, the executor will settle any of the deceased's remaining debts.
Key Takeaways: Cash gifts and income are subject to IRS reporting rules. Gifts of up to $19,000 in cash are exempt from reporting in 2025. Those who have household employees must report cash payments that exceed $2,800 in 2025.
An estate tax is levied on the estate of the deceased while an inheritance tax is levied on the heirs of the deceased. Only 17 states and the District of Columbia currently levy an estate or inheritance tax.
When a house is transferred via inheritance, the value of the house is stepped up to its fair market value at the time it was transferred, according to the IRS. This means that a home purchased many years ago is valued at current market value for capital gains.
Therefore, inheritances do not impact eligibility, and no reporting requirements exist for inheritances or assets received. Before assuming an inheritance will forfeit your benefits, check which program you receive—SSI or SSDI.
Without a trust, the inheritance you receive may count as extra income or assets that either disqualifies you from receiving government benefits, or results in you getting fewer benefits.
You must report any income you receive passed through from the estate to you and reported on a Schedule K-1 (1041) on your income tax return. In addition, any property you receive from the estate will typically be considered valued at its fair market value at the date of the original owner's death.
Another key difference: While there is no federal inheritance tax, there is a federal estate tax. The federal estate tax generally applies to assets over $13.61 million in 2024 and $13.99 million in 2025, and the federal estate tax rate ranges from 18% to 40%.
For an inherited retirement account, a Form 1099-R will typically report a "4," in box 7. If a "4" appears, it means you took a distribution from a tax-deferred retirement account and you are exempt from the early distribution penalty as the distributions were made after the original account holder's death.
Strategies to transfer wealth without a heavy tax burden include creating an irrevocable trust, engaging in annual gifting, forming a family limited partnership, or forming a generation-skipping transfer trust.
You can deposit a large cash inheritance in a savings account, either through a check or direct wire to your bank. The bigger question is what you should do with it once it's deposited. While that is ultimately your decision, it helps to have a plan. The more prepared you are before you get the inheritance.