How do I know if I have to pay self-employment tax?

Asked by: Bailee Rodriguez  |  Last update: September 13, 2025
Score: 4.4/5 (40 votes)

You must pay self-employment tax and file Schedule SE (Form 1040 or Form 1040-SR) if either of the following applies. Your net earnings from self-employment (excluding church employee income) were $400 or more. You had church employee income of $108.28 or more.

How do I know if I pay self-employment tax?

All self-employment net earnings of more than $400 is subject to self-employment tax. A 0.9% additional Medicare tax may also apply if your net earnings exceed the threshold of $200,000 for Single filers and $250,000 if you're filing jointly.

At what point do you have to pay self-employment tax?

If your self-employment income is $400 or more during the year, you are required to pay self-employment taxes and file Schedule SE with your Form 1040, which is generally due by April 15.

Who is exempt from paying self-employment tax?

The federal government charges self-employment tax based on total earnings, not the nature of one's business. As such, income less than $400 net per year may be exempt from self-employment tax. Church income less than $108.28 may also be exempt.

What makes you subject to self-employment tax?

You usually must pay self-employment tax if you had net earnings from self-employment of $400 or more. Generally, the amount subject to self-employment tax is 92.35% of your net earnings from self-employment.

How The Self Employment Tax Works (And How You Can Avoid It!)

20 related questions found

Do LLC owners pay self-employment tax?

Yes. LLC members are considered self-employed individuals, and self-employed individuals do not have FICA taxes (e.g., Social Security, Medicare) withdrawn from their paychecks. Instead, self-employed people pay FICA taxes directly to the IRS—which is known as the self-employment tax.

Which type of income is not subject to self-employment tax?

You do not need to pay self-employment tax on income that you earn from an employer if the employer withheld payroll taxes. Other situations may require you to pay self-employment tax. For one, you still need to pay even if you are a U.S. citizen employed by a foreign government.

What happens if I exempt myself from taxes?

When you file exempt with your employer for federal tax withholding, you do not make any tax payments during the year. Without paying tax, you do not qualify for a tax refund unless you qualify to claim a refundable tax credit, like the Earned Income Tax Credit.

Does everyone pay self-employment tax?

Who must pay self-employment tax? You must pay self-employment tax and file Schedule SE (Form 1040 or Form 1040-SR) if either of the following applies. Your net earnings from self-employment (excluding church employee income) were $400 or more. You had church employee income of $108.28 or more.

Who is not liable for self-employment tax?

Certain Business Owners: Owners of corporations, including S corporations, may not be subject to self-employment tax on their share of the corporation's profits, though they must pay themselves reasonable compensation subject to the FICA employment taxes.

What happens if I don't pay self-employment tax?

Failure-to-Pay Penalty

The penalty you must pay is a percentage of the unpaid taxes. The Failure-to-Pay Penalty is 0.5% of the outstanding taxes for every month or part of a month that the tax is not paid. The penalty will not be more than 25% of your unpaid taxes.

Do I have to pay self-employment tax for a side hustle?

You must file a tax return if you have net earnings from self-employment of $400 or more from gig work, even if it's a side job, part-time or temporary. You must pay tax on income you earn from gig work. If you do gig work as an employee, your employer should withhold tax from your paycheck.

How much taxes do I have to pay if self-employed?

Self-employed workers are taxed at 15.3% of their net profit. This percentage is a combination of Social Security (12.4%) and Medicare (2.9%) taxes, also known as FICA taxes.

How much can an LLC make before paying taxes?

There is no minimum income you have to meet before your small corporation is taxed. Every dollar it earns (after deductions and credits are factored in) will be taxed at 21%. Corporate tax rates also apply to limited liability companies (LLCs) who have elected to be taxed as corporations.

What is the difference between self-employed and employment tax?

Unlike employees, nobody withholds and contributes FICA tax (Social Security and Medicare taxes) for self-employed individuals. Self-employed individuals must pay their Social Security and Medicare tax liability on their own.

How much can you make on a 1099 before you have to claim it?

For tax year 2025, the threshold is $2,500, regardless of the number of transactions. For tax year 2026 and after, the threshold is $600, regardless of the number of transactions.

What is the minimum income to pay self-employment tax?

Self Employment Tax

This tax applies to those who are sole proprietors with a net profit of $400 or more during the year. It also applies to individuals who have a net profit of $400 or more during the year from the partnership or limited liability company that is structured as a partnership.

How to determine self-employment tax?

You can calculate the self-employment tax once you have totaled your net earnings. Enter your net earnings on the Schedule SE and multiply this amount by 92.35% to arrive at the total taxable amount. (The first 7.65% of net earnings is not subject to tax.)

Do all 1099 pay self-employment tax?

When you work on a 1099 contract basis, the IRS considers you to be self-employed. That means that in addition to income tax, you'll need to pay self-employment tax. As of 2022, the self-employment tax is 15.3% of the first $147,000 in net profits, plus 2.9% of anything earned over that amount.

How do I know if I owe taxes?

Log in to your tax account on IRS.gov.

Once you log in, you can access your tax records, make or view payments, see the amount you owe and view a breakdown of your liability by tax year.

How do I know if I am exempt from paying taxes?

Who Does Not Have to Pay Taxes? You generally don't have to pay taxes if your income is less than the standard deduction or the total of your itemized deductions, if you have a certain number of dependents, if you work abroad and are below the required thresholds, or if you're a qualifying non-profit organization.

Will I owe taxes if I claim 0?

Conversely, if the total number of allowances you're claiming is zero, that means you'll have the most income tax withheld from your take-home pay. Allowances matter. If you don't claim enough of them and you have too much money sent to the government, you'll end up with a tax refund.

How does IRS verify self-employment income?

IRS expects all self-employed individuals to keep and retain timely records of all business income and expenses. At this time, the law requires issuance of a Form 1099-NEC in situations of payments of $600, more for services performed for a trade, or business by people not treated as its employees.

Do LLC members pay self-employment tax?

Each member of a multi-member LLCs must pay self-employment taxes on their share of the LLC's profits. Even if LLC members leave some of their distributive share in the business, they must pay self-employment tax on their entire share of the profits.

When to pay self-employment tax?

Self-employment taxes for individuals are due each quarter throughout the year you earn income over $400. You must also file a final tax return by the federal tax deadline in April of the following year.