On your balance sheet, debit your cost of goods sold (COGS) and credit your inventory write-off expense account. If the amount of loss is material, it should be identified separately in the income statement. Add comments justifying the write-off (e.g., explaining that the inventory was damaged, stolen, spoiled, etc.).
To prove a stock is worthless and take the worthless stock deduction, you must show that the stock is no longer traded, has declared bankruptcy, has no market value (if not publicly traded), or is in the process of liquidation. This can include public records, news articles, or correspondence from the company itself.
In other words, you need to have sold your stock to claim a deduction. You can't simply write off losses because the stock is worth less than when you bought it.
If you own securities, including stocks, and they become totally worthless, you have a capital loss but not a deduction for bad debt.
If for whatever reason you cannot sell the worthless shares, then you will need to obtain documentation that will convince the IRS that the stock really, truly had no value at some point in time, and close the position at that same time. This will relieve you of the burden of selling the shares.
You realize the loss by selling the investment, and your broker records the loss on its annual Form 1099-B for your account. Then you report the loss on Schedule D when tax time rolls around and you get your tax write-off.
If you are an investor, it is likely that you have made an investment that went bad at some point. The IRS won't give you back the money you lost, but Uncle Sam will let you take a deduction for the loss.
What Happens If a Stock Price Goes to Zero? If a stock's price falls all the way to zero, shareholders end up with worthless holdings. Once a stock falls below a certain threshold, stock exchanges will delist those shares.
Obsolete inventory is written-down by debiting expenses and crediting a contra asset account, such as allowance for obsolete inventory. The contra asset account is netted against the full inventory asset account to arrive at the current market value or book value.
An inventory write-off is the formal recognition of a portion of a company's inventory that no longer has value. Write-offs typically happen when inventory becomes obsolete, spoils, becomes damaged, or is stolen or lost.
165(g)(1), a loss related to a security that is a capital asset and becomes worthless during a tax year is treated as from a sale or exchange of a capital asset on the last day of that tax year. Thus, a loss on such a worthless security is a capital loss.
When one determines for tax purposes that a security has become totally worthless, an investment fund can take a capital loss under IRC Section 165. The resulting loss may be deducted as though it were a loss from a sale or exchange on the last day of the taxable year in which it has become worthless.
First off, be sure it is deemed worthless. Then, Report the valueless stock in either Part I or Part II of Form 8949, depending on whether it was a short-term or long-term holding. If an asset became worthless during the tax year, it is treated as though it were sold on the last day of the year.
If you purchased an account receivable for less than its face value, and the receivable subsequently becomes worthless, the most you're allowed to deduct is the amount you paid to acquire it. CAUTION! You can claim a business bad debt deduction only if the amount owed to you was previously included in gross income.
If you sold stock, bonds or other securities through a broker or had a barter exchange transaction (exchanged property or services rather than paying cash), you will likely receive a Form 1099-B. Regardless of whether you had a gain, loss, or broke even, you must report these transactions on your tax return.
If you own a stock where the company has declared bankruptcy and the stock has become worthless, you can generally deduct the full amount of your loss on that stock — up to annual IRS limits with the ability to carry excess losses forward to future years.
Statute of limitations for deduction of a bad debt or worthless securities is 7 years.
Using IRC Section 1244
Section 1244 of the Internal Revenue Code (IRC) allows an annual ordinary loss deduction for “worthless stock” up to $100,000 for a married couple filing jointly, and $50,000 for an individual filing single.
Under the wash sale rule, your loss is disallowed for tax purposes if you sell stock or other securities at a loss and then buy substantially identical stock or securities within 30 days before or 30 days after the sale.