The minimum down payment required for a conventional mortgage is 3%, but borrowers with lower credit scores or higher debt-to-income ratios may be required to put down more. You'll also likely need a larger down payment for a jumbo loan or a loan for a second home or investment property.
5% down payment
Borrowers with lower credit scores might be required to make a down payment of 5% or more to get a conventional loan, meaning they'd need to finance 95% of the home's value. This is sometimes referred to as a “5 down conventional loan” or a “conventional 95 mortgage.”
Conventional mortgage down payment
Conventional loans require as little as 3% down (this is even lower than FHA loans). For down payments lower than 20% though, private mortgage insurance (PMI) is required. (PMI can be removed after 20% equity is earned in the home.)
The minimum down payment for a conventional loan can be as low as 3% of the sales price. Borrowers who want to avoid paying private mortgage insurance should plan to pay at least 20% of the sales price as a down payment.
Yes. The Conventional 97 program allows 3 percent down and is offered by most lenders. Fannie Mae's HomeReady and Freddie Mac's Home Possible programs also allow 3 percent down with extra flexibility for income and credit qualification. FHA loans come in a close second, with a 3.5 percent minimum down payment.
A conventional loan is often better if you have good or excellent credit because your mortgage rate and PMI costs will go down. But an FHA loan can be perfect if your credit score is in the high-500s or low-600s. For lower-credit borrowers, FHA is often the cheaper option.
Cons: Why a conventional mortgage may not be right for you
The eligibility requirements for conventional loans are more stringent than government-backed loans. Conforming loans are sold to Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac soon after being created to help keep mortgages affordable for homebuyers.
The traditional way to avoid paying PMI on a mortgage is to take out a piggyback loan. In that event, if you can only put up 5 percent down for your mortgage, you take out a second "piggyback" mortgage for 15 percent of the loan balance, and combine them for your 20 percent down payment.
Even though a conventional loan is the most common mortgage, it is surprisingly difficult to get. Borrowers need to have a minimum credit score of about 640 in order to qualify—the highest minimum score of all mortgage products—and have a debt-to-income ratio of 43% or less.
If you're taking out a Federal Housing Administration, or FHA, loan and putting down less than 20%, you'll still need to pay private mortgage insurance each month, but it'll be called a mortgage insurance premium, or MIP, instead of PMI.
It's better to put 20 percent down if you want the lowest possible interest rate and monthly payment. But if you want to get into a house now and start building equity, it may be better to buy with a smaller down payment — say 5 to 10 percent down.
If you make $3,000 a month ($36,000 a year), your DTI with an FHA loan should be no more than $1,290 ($3,000 x 0.43) — which means you can afford a house with a monthly payment that is no more than $900 ($3,000 x 0.31). FHA loans typically allow for a lower down payment and credit score if certain requirements are met.
Before buying a home, you should ideally save enough money for a 20% down payment. If you can't, it's a safe bet that your lender will force you to secure private mortgage insurance (PMI) prior to signing off on the loan, if you're taking out a conventional mortgage.
No down payment is required for VA, USDA and doctor loan programs detailed above. What credit score do I need to buy a house with no money down? No-down-payment lenders usually set 620 as the lowest credit score to buy a house.
Conventional loans (backed by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac): Max DTI of 45% to 50%
A conventional loan requires a credit score of at least 620, but it's ideal to have a score of 740 or above, which could allow you to make a lower down payment, get a more attractive interest rate and save on private mortgage insurance.
The mortgage approval process can take anywhere from 30 days to several months, depending on the status of the market and your personal circumstances.
Sellers' Own Perceptions
Sellers often prefer conventional buyers because of their own financial views. Because a conventional loan typically requires higher credit and more money down, sellers often deem these reasons as a lower risk to default and traits of a trustworthy buyer.
A conventional loan is a great option if you have a solid credit score and little debt. You can avoid PMI by paying 20% of the loan upfront, which will lower your mortgage payments. If you're unable to make a large payment upfront, conventional loans are available with a down payment as low as 3%.
You can avoid PMI without 20 percent down if you opt for lender-paid PMI. However, you'll end up with a higher mortgage rate for the life of the loan. That's why some borrowers prefer the piggyback method: Using a second mortgage loan to finance part of the 20 percent down payment needed to avoid PMI.
If you weren't able to put down 20% when you purchased the property, you can have PMI waived once you've built up enough equity over time. But your lender isn't going to automatically cancel your PMI premium once you've reached 80% LTV. You'll have to reach out and request it.
Homeowners with conventional loans have the easiest way to get rid of PMI. This mortgage insurance coverage will automatically fall off once the loan reaches 78% loan-to-value ratio (meaning you have 22% equity in the home).
Interest rates for FHA loans will be lower than a conventional loan when the borrower has a high credit score and a small down payment. With conventional loans, putting down just 5% will not only result in PMI, but there will be a rate add-on for the high loan to value ratio.
To convert an FHA loan to a conventional home loan, you will need to refinance your current mortgage. The FHA must approve the refinance, even though you are moving to a non-FHA-insured lender.
People with little cash for a down payment and a modest credit rating typically qualify for Federal Housing Administration (FHA) mortgages. FHA loans require a lower minimum down payment and lower credit scores than conventional loans. FHA loans are backed by the government, unlike conventional loans.