How much power does a trustee have over a beneficiary?

Asked by: Josiah Fahey II  |  Last update: February 26, 2026
Score: 4.6/5 (12 votes)

A trustee typically has the most control in running their trust. They are granted authority by their grantor to oversee and distribute assets according to terms set out in their trust document, while beneficiaries merely reap its benefits without overseeing its operations themselves.

Who has more right, a trustee or the beneficiary?

And although a beneficiary generally has very little control over the trust's management, they are entitled to receive what the trust allocates to them. In general, a trustee has extensive powers when it comes to overseeing the trust.

Can a trustee ignore a beneficiary?

While trustees may temporarily be able to delay trust distributions if a valid reason exists for them doing so, they are rarely entitled to hold trust assets indefinitely or refuse beneficiaries the gifts they were left through the trust.

How much control does a trustee have?

A trustee in a trust is responsible for managing, protecting, and distributing the assets of the trust according to the terms set out by the trust's creator (the grantor). This can include investing assets, paying bills, filing tax returns, and making distributions to beneficiaries.

Can a trustee take money from a beneficiary?

Fiduciary Duty to Beneficiaries

The trustee must always put the beneficiaries' interests ahead of their own and avoid conflicts of interest. If a trustee withdraws money for personal reasons or uses trust assets inappropriately, they can be held personally liable for any losses to the trust.

Five Duties Of A Trust’s Trustee

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Can a trustee disinherit a beneficiary?

The answer to this question is generally no, although there are certain rare exceptions that could allow the trustee to remove or change a trust beneficiary, or withhold their distribution.

What is the biggest mistake parents make when setting up a trust fund?

Selecting the wrong trustee is easily the biggest blunder parents can make when setting up a trust fund. As estate planning attorneys, we've seen first-hand how this critical error undermines so many parents' good intentions.

What cannot a trustee do?

A trustee must abide by the trust document and the California Probate Code. They are prohibited from using trust assets for personal gain and must act in the best interest of the beneficiaries. Trust assets are meant for the benefit of the trust beneficiaries and not for the personal use of the trustee.

Can a trustee take everything?

Serving as the trustee of a trust instills a person with significant power. They have access to all the trust assets, but with a catch: They can only use those assets to carry out the instructions of the trust.

Who has the most power in a trust?

Generally speaking, once a trust becomes irrevocable, the trustee is entirely in control of the trust assets and the donor has no further rights to the assets and may not be a beneficiary or serve as a trustee.

What are the disadvantages of a trustee?

A trustee can end up having to pay taxes out of their own personal funds if they fail to take action on behalf of the estate in a timely way. Of course, they can also face criminal liability for such crimes as taking money out of a trust to pay for their own kids' college tuition. Yup, that's stealing.

Can a trustee evict a beneficiary?

In general, the steps to this process are: The trustee must send a written notice to the beneficiary to vacate the real property. Under California law, if the beneficiary has been in possession of the property for less than a year, then a 30-day notice is sufficient.

Can a trustee steal money from a trust?

Under California law, embezzling trust funds or property valued at $950 or less is a misdemeanor offense and is punishable by up to 6 months in county jail. If a trustee embezzles more than $950 from the trust, they can be charged with felony embezzlement, which carries a sentence of up to 3 years in jail.

What are the risks of being a trustee?

Trustees are personally liable for all decisions they take in that capacity, and their liability is not automatically limited to the value of the trust fund. Typically, the trust deed will limit trustees' liability in some way and these clauses should be checked, as well as any existing trustee insurance.

How long does it take to receive inheritance from a trust?

Typically, a revocable trust with clear provisions for outright distribution might conclude within 12 to 18 months. However, in simpler cases, the process can take an average of 4 to 5 months without complications.

Can a trustee sue a beneficiary?

In this case, the trustee can and must sue the offending beneficiary. The rules for any trustee to sue include showing a proper cause of action, such as a tort, contract, or quasi-contract claim, and showing the resulting damages.

What happens if a trustee refuses to give beneficiary money?

A beneficiary can sue a trustee for breach of fiduciary duty if the trustee fails to distribute trust assets as required by the trust instrument. When a trustee accepts an appointment, a “fiduciary” relationship is created between the trustee and the trust's beneficiaries.

How much does it cost to contest a trust?

Depending on the complexity of the case, it may cost anywhere from a few thousand dollars to $100,000 or more to dispute the terms of a trust.

Can a trustee withdraw money?

The trustee generally has the authority to withdraw money from a trust to cover the cost of third-party professionals, as well as any other expenses arising as a result of administration.

Can a trustee take your money?

But generally, the trustee is entitled to use trust funds to pay for things like: Funeral and burial expenses for yourself or a trust beneficiary. Expenses related to properties included in the trust, such as repairs or property insurance. Repaying any debts owed by your estate when you pass away.

Can a trustee override a will?

No, a trustee does not have the authority to change the terms of a will. A will is a legal document that becomes irrevocable upon the death of the individual who created it. However, in certain situations, a will can be contested in court.

Who is disqualified from being a trustee?

A A Trustee is disqualified 'as Trustee' upon his death, loss of his legal competence, removal from trusteeship, liquidation, rescinding his licence or declaring his bankruptcy. The Trust shall then be transferred to the other Trustees in case of multiple Trustees, unless the Trust Instrument provides otherwise.

Why are trusts considered bad?

Trusts offer amazing benefits, but they also come with potential downsides like loss of control, limited access to assets, costs, and recordkeeping difficulties.

What is the average trust fund amount?

While some may hold millions of dollars, based on data from the Federal Reserve, the median size of a trust fund is around $285,000. That's certainly not “set for life” money, but it can play a large role in helping families of all means transfer and protect wealth.

What accounts should not be in a trust?

There are a variety of assets that you cannot or should not place in a living trust. These include: Retirement accounts. Accounts such as a 401(k), IRA, 403(b) and certain qualified annuities should not be transferred into your living trust.