But, no, you don't pay taxes twice on 401(k) withdrawals. With the 20% withholding on your distribution, you're essentially paying part of your taxes upfront. Depending on your tax situation, the amount withheld might not be enough to cover your full tax liability.
Deferring Social Security payments, rolling over old 401(k)s, setting up IRAs to avoid the mandatory 20% federal income tax, and keeping your capital gains taxes low are among the best strategies for reducing taxes on your 401(k) withdrawal.
Once you reach 59½, you can take distributions from your 401(k) plan without being subject to the 10% penalty. However, that doesn't mean there are no consequences. All withdrawals from your 401(k), even those taken after age 59½, are subject to ordinary income taxes.
Any taxable distribution paid to you is subject to mandatory withholding of 20%, even if you intend to roll the distribution over later. If the distribution is rolled over, and you want to defer tax on the entire taxable portion, you will have to add funds from other sources equal to the amount withheld.
In general, Roth 401(k) withdrawals are not taxable provided the account was opened at least five years ago and the account owner is age 59½ or older.
You can begin withdrawing money from your traditional 401(k) without penalty when you turn age 59½. But you still have to pay taxes when you withdraw, because you didn't pay income taxes on it back when you put it in the account.
When you take a qualified distribution from a 401(k) after the age of 59 1/2, you are taxed at your ordinary income tax rate unless you have a Roth 401(k), which is funded post-tax but allows for tax-free withdrawals.
The Bottom Line. Withdrawals from 401(k)s are considered income and are generally subject to income tax because contributions and growth were tax-deferred, rather than tax-free.
Borrowing from your 401(k) may be the best option, although it does carry some risk. Alternatively, consider the Rule of 55 as another way to withdraw money from your 401(k) without the tax penalty.
Qualified dividends are taxed at 0%, 15%, or 20%, depending on your income level and tax filing status. Ordinary (nonqualified) dividends and taxable distributions are taxed at your marginal income tax rate, which is determined by your taxable earnings.
Do you pay taxes twice on 401(k) withdrawals? We see this question on occasion and understand why it may seem this way. But, no, you don't pay taxes twice on 401(k) withdrawals. With the 20% withholding on your distribution, you're essentially paying part of your taxes upfront.
States That Don't Tax Retirement Income
Those eight – Alaska, Florida, Nevada, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Washington and Wyoming – don't tax wages, salaries, dividends, interest or any sort of income.
An early withdrawal from a 401(k) plan typically counts as taxable income. You'll also have to pay a 10% penalty on the amount withdrawn if you're under the age of 59½.
Because the taxable amount is on the 1099-R, you can't just leave your cashed-out 401(k) proceeds off your tax return. The IRS will know and you will trigger an audit or other IRS scrutiny if you don't include it. However, there are a couple things you can do.
You can rollover your 401(k) account into a CD without any penalties or taxes. But you need to make sure you're rolling over into an IRA CD, specifically. And always ensure to roll over into a like-kind account, whether a traditional or Roth retirement account, or you might get hit with a surprise tax bill.
You can do a 401(k) withdrawal while you're still employed at the company that sponsors your 401(k), but you can only cash out your 401(k) from previous employers.
Cash flow management: Making monthly withdrawals allows you to treat this as a regular income. Many retirees prefer this style of cash flow over a lump sum format, as it helps with personal finance and budgeting. This is often the biggest advantage to making monthly or quarterly withdrawals.
Income from a 401(k) does not affect the amount of your Social Security benefits, but it can boost your annual income to a point where those benefits will be taxed.
Once the distribution is reviewed and approved, the payment will be processed. Payments are generally received within 7-10 business days for a check; 5-7 business days for direct deposit (if available).
The administrator will likely require you to provide evidence of the hardship, such as medical bills or a notice of eviction.
There is no IRS limit to the amount of times you can withdraw money from a 401(k) once you reach age 59.5. Each plan has its own rules, and you will need to speak with the plan administrator to find out if there is a limit to how many withdrawals you can make in a year.
Key Takeaways
If you retire after age 59½, you can start taking withdrawals without paying an early withdrawal penalty. If you don't need to access your savings just yet, you can let them sit—though you won't be able to contribute.
While you may have heard at some point that Social Security is no longer taxable after 70 or some other age, this isn't the case. In reality, Social Security is taxed at any age if your income exceeds a certain level.
Taxes aren't determined by age, so you will never age out of paying taxes. Basically, if you're 65 or older, you have to file a tax return in 2022 if your gross income is $14,700 or higher. If you're married filing jointly and both 65 or older, that amount is $28,700.