Technically, you can get a home equity loan as soon as you purchase a home. However, home equity builds slowly, which means it can take a while before you have enough equity to qualify for a loan. It can take five to seven years to begin paying down the principal on your mortgage and start building equity.
If you have enough equity at the time of closing your home purchase, you can get a HELOC in as little as 30 to 45 days, which is the time it takes for loan underwriters to process the application. They use this time to confirm you meet lending requirements for the new debt.
How Soon Can You Get A HELOC After Purchasing A Home? A HELOC can be obtained 30-45 days after the purchase of a home. However, borrowers will need to meet all of the necessary lender requirements, including 15-20% equity in home, good repayment history, and more.
When you own your house outright, you can use a variety of mortgage loans to borrow against your home's value. Good options to tap your equity at a low rate include cash-out refinancing, home equity loans, and home equity lines of credit (HELOCs).
A HELOC is a revolving line of credit that allows you to borrow against the equity you've built up in your home. During the draw period, you can borrow funds up to a certain limit set by the lender, carry a balance month to month and make minimum payments, much like a credit card.
Loan payment example: on a $50,000 loan for 120 months at 6.10% interest rate, monthly payments would be $557.62.
Home equity loans and HELOCs are two of the most common ways homeowners tap into their equity without refinancing. Both allow you to borrow against your home equity, just in slightly different ways. With a home equity loan, you get a lump-sum payment and then repay the loan monthly over time.
The entire home equity loan process takes anywhere from two weeks to two months. A few factors influence the timeline—some in and some out of your control: How well you're prepared. Your lender will want to see copies of your current mortgage statement, property tax bill, and proof of income.
Home equity loans, home equity lines of credit (HELOCs), and cash-out refinancing are the main ways to unlock home equity. Tapping your equity allows you to access needed funds without having to sell your home or take out a higher-interest personal loan.
Different lenders will have different requirements for what credit score is needed for a HELOC. But in general, a credit score of 700 or higher is preferred. (For a Discover Home Loans fixed-rate home equity loan—where you get your money in a lump sum— a minimum score of 620 needed.)
With a home equity loan, you receive the money you are borrowing in a lump sum payment and you usually have a fixed interest rate. With a home equity line of credit (HELOC), you have the ability to borrow or draw money multiple times from an available maximum amount.
Most lenders require an appraisal before approving you for a HELOC or home equity loan. This appraisal will confirm the current value of your home. After all, a lender needs to know how much your house is worth to calculate how much you can borrow.
If you want to take out a mortgage on a paid-off home, you can do so with a cash-out refinance. This option allows you to refinance the same way you would if you had a mortgage. When refinancing a paid-off home, you'll decide how much you want to borrow, up to the loan limit your lender allows.
You can figure out how much equity you have in your home by subtracting the amount you owe on all loans secured by your house from its appraised value. This includes your primary mortgage as well as any home equity loans or unpaid balances on home equity lines of credit.
How Much Equity Do You Need? To determine the amount of equity you need when selling your home, you need to know your reasons for selling. If you're looking to relocate, then you will need about 10% equity. If you're looking to upsize to a bigger home, you will need at least 15% minimum equity.
To determine how much you may be able to borrow with a home equity loan, divide your mortgage's outstanding balance by the current home value. This is your LTV. Depending on your financial history, lenders generally want to see an LTV of 80% or less, which means your home equity is 20% or more.
Home equity loans
When you get a home equity loan, your lender will pay out a single lump sum. Once you've received your loan, you start repaying it right away at a fixed interest rate. That means you'll pay a set amount every month for the term of the loan, whether it's five years or 15 years.
Can I use equity release if I'm under 55? Equity release – the process of cashing in some of the value of your home – is usually available only to those aged 55 or over. However, there may be other options for you to borrow money against the value of your home, without using full equity release products.
For a $150,000, 30-year mortgage with a 4% rate, your basic monthly payment — meaning just principal and interest — should come to $716.12.
A home equity loan term can range anywhere from 5-30 years. HELOCs generally allow up to 10 years to withdraw funds, and up to 20 years to repay. A cash-out refinance term can be up to 30 years.
The Bottom Line
Paying off your home equity loan early is a great way to save a significant amount of interest over the life of your loan. Early payoff penalties are rare, but they do exist. Double-check your loan contract and ask directly if there is a penalty.
When a consumer takes out a home equity loan, that adds a large balance or credit line to their credit report. Credit scoring agencies consider the total amount of money a consumer owes, and a large increase in outstanding debt drives scores lower.
You'll want to have an idea of your home's value, as well as documents showing your household income, Social Security number and any other outstanding balances. Lenders also will ask for a mortgage statement, a property tax bill and a copy of your homeowner's insurance policy.
Because it has a minimum monthly payment and a limit, a HELOC can directly affect your credit score since it looks like a credit card to credit agencies. It's important to manage the amount of credit you have since a HELOC typically has a much larger balance than a credit card.