A larger down payment means lower fees and interest over the life of the loan, while the costs of a smaller down payment add up over time: you may pay more in fees and interest. You can often secure better rates with a larger down payment, but you also need to understand how much you can afford.
If you pay $100 extra each month towards principal, you can cut your loan term by more than 4.5 years and reduce the interest paid by more than $26,500. If you pay $200 extra a month towards principal, you can cut your loan term by more than 8 years and reduce the interest paid by more than $44,000.
It's better to put 20 percent down if you want the lowest possible interest rate and monthly payment. But if you want to get into a house now and start building equity, it may be better to buy with a smaller down payment—say five to 10 percent down.
Whether you choose to pay a little more each month or make one yearly lump payment, consistency will bring more success. Putting any extra cash towards your payments, especially in the beginning, will push you further along the amortization schedule and shorten the life of your loan.
Even one or two extra mortgage payments a year can help you make a much larger dent in your mortgage debt. This not only means you'll get rid of your mortgage faster; it also means you'll get rid of your mortgage more cheaply. A shorter loan = fewer payments = fewer interest fees.
Options to pay off your mortgage faster include:
Bi-weekly payments instead of monthly payments. Making one additional monthly payment each year. Refinance with a shorter-term mortgage.
If you haven't started saving for retirement yet, or you're not maxing out your retirement savings accounts, it's a good idea to prioritize that over making extra mortgage payments. Your money will grow by leaps and bounds in these retirement accounts while, at the same time, your house will be appreciating in value.
Making extra payments of $500/month could save you $60,798 in interest over the life of the loan. You could own your house 13 years sooner than under your current payment. These calculations are tools for learning more about the mortgage process and are for educational/estimation purposes only.
A down payment that's too small could leave you with a home loan that stretches your budget. A large down payment could deplete your cash, leaving you without the funds for home maintenance or unexpected repairs. Understanding how down payments work will help you determine how much you should put down on a house.
You can often secure better rates with a larger down payment, but you also need to understand how much you can afford. Paying too little for your down payment might cost more over time, while paying too much may drain your savings. A lender will look at your down payment and determine which mortgage is best.
If you put a large chunk of it into your down payment, you may not have as much available in case of emergencies. You may also need to be more careful with your monthly budgeting. In some cases, this can be very inconvenient. The money cannot be invested elsewhere.
Save on interest
Since your interest is calculated on your remaining loan balance, making additional principal payments every month will significantly reduce your interest payments over the life of the loan. By paying more principal each month, you incrementally lower the principal balance and interest charged on it.
You decide to increase your monthly payment by $1,000. With that additional principal payment every month, you could pay off your home nearly 16 years faster and save almost $156,000 in interest.
The additional amount will reduce the principal on your mortgage, as well as the total amount of interest you will pay, and the number of payments.
Many people choose to schedule their mortgage payment on the first of the month to coincide with their monthly paycheck. This can make it easier to budget and ensure that the payment is made on time.
Ideally, you want your extra payments to go towards the principal amount. However, many lenders will apply the extra payments to any interest accrued since your last payment and then apply anything left over to the principal amount. Other times, lenders may apply extra funds to next month's payment.
Amortization extra payment example: Paying an extra $200 a month on a $464,000 fixed-rate loan with a 30-year term at an interest rate of 6.500% and a down payment of 25% could save you $115,843 in interest over the full term of the loan and you could pay off your loan in 301 months vs. 360 months.
If you can comfortably afford the higher payment, choosing a 15-year loan can reduce your interest costs, reduce the amount of PMI you pay and help you maximize your tax deductions. So if you can afford the payment without straining your budget, it's typically best for your finances in the long run.
If you are under 45, it's difficult to argue that your dollars would be better served paying off your mortgage unless you are on Step 9, pre-pay low-interest debt. You should aim to be completely debt-free by retirement, and after age 45 you can begin thinking more seriously about pre-paying your mortgage.
Mortgage-Paying Habits of Average Americans
For example, according to the Census Bureau, fewer than 28% homeowners below retirement age have paid off their homes completely, as opposed to almost 63% of those 65 or older.
The 10/15 rule
If you can manage to pay 10% of your mortgage payment every week (in addition to your usual monthly payment) and apply it to the principal of your loan, you can pay off your 30-year mortgage in just 15 years.
This is equivalent to 12 slightly-higher monthly payments of $1,252.85 — but this small difference is enough to pay off your full debt in just 22 years and cost you only $129,712.85 in interest. In other words: two extra mortgage payments per year will save you eight years and $56,798.72 in interest.