Paying down or paying off your credit cards is great for credit scores, but closing those accounts will likely cause your credit scores to dip, at least for a little while. This is especially true if you close more than one card. When you close an account, you lose that account's available credit limit.
Your credit utilization ratio goes up
By closing a credit card account with zero balance, you're removing all of that card's available balance from the ratio, in turn, increasing your utilization percentage. The higher your balance-to-limit ratio, the more it can hurt your credit.
"At a bare minimum, wait until the card anniversary since the first year's annual fee is a sunk cost at this point anyway," he says. "At that point, usually you can negotiate your way out of one or two annual fees, or they may credit you with an additional reward if you pay the fee."
In general, keep unused credit cards open so you benefit from longer average credit history and lower credit utilization. Consider putting one small regular purchase on the card and paying it off automatically to keep the card active.
Keeping a low credit utilization ratio is good, but having too many credit cards with zero balance may negatively impact your credit score. If your credit cards have zero balance for several years due to inactivity, your credit card issuer might stop sending account updates to credit bureaus.
If you're close to maxing out your credit cards, your credit score could jump 10 points or more when you pay off credit card balances completely. If you haven't used most of your available credit, you might only gain a few points when you pay off credit card debt.
Creditors like to see that you can responsibly manage different types of debt. Paying off your only line of installment credit reduces your credit mix and may ultimately decrease your credit scores. Similarly, if you pay off a credit card debt and close the account entirely, your scores could drop.
High-interest credit card debt can devastate even the most thought-out financial plan. U.S. consumers carry $6,501 in credit card debt on average, according to Experian data, but if your balance is much higher—say, $20,000 or beyond—you may feel hopeless.
Instead of canceling a card, you can keep the account active by using it to make one or two small purchases a month. If keeping the card in your wallet is too much temptation: Cut up the card. If you don't cut up your card, store it in a safe place where you won't be tempted to use it.
Some people, however, have concerns that a zero balance can harm their credit scores. It's not true – a zero balance won't bring down your credit score, unless however, you have a zero balance because you haven't been using your credit card.
Owning more than two or three credit cards can become unmanageable for many people. However, your credit needs and financial situation are unique, so there's no hard and fast rule about how many credit cards are too many. The important thing is to make sure that you use your credit cards responsibly.
The due date is typically 21 days after the billing cycle closes, but this will vary depending on the credit card issuer. Your payment is on time if you make it before the due date. However, if you make it before the closing date, then your reported credit utilization may be lower.
There are some differences around how the various data elements on a credit report factor into the score calculations. Although credit scoring models vary, generally, credit scores from 660 to 724 are considered good; 725 to 759 are considered very good; and 760 and up are considered excellent.
Tip: As Epps said, there's nothing wrong with using your credit cards again after you've paid off your debt. But make sure you have the cash available in your savings account or checking account to pay off those purchases.
Closing a credit card can have a negative impact on your credit score, but the extent varies depending on individual credit histories. Doing so may increase your credit utilization ratio because you have less available credit, which could signal higher risk to lenders and lower your credit score.
Your credit score may drop after you pay off debt because the credit scoring system factors in things like your average account age and credit mix. If you applied for a loan to consolidate debt, the lender's hard credit inquiry can also ding your score.
Making on-time payments to creditors, keeping your credit utilization low, having a long credit history, maintaining a good mix of credit types, and occasionally applying for new credit lines are the factors that can get you into the 800 credit score club.
It's a good idea to pay off your credit card balance in full whenever you're able. Carrying a monthly credit card balance can cost you in interest and increase your credit utilization rate, which is one factor used to calculate your credit scores.
A FICO® Score of 650 places you within a population of consumers whose credit may be seen as Fair. Your 650 FICO® Score is lower than the average U.S. credit score. Statistically speaking, 28% of consumers with credit scores in the Fair range are likely to become seriously delinquent in the future.
For most people, increasing a credit score by 100 points in a month isn't going to happen. But if you pay your bills on time, eliminate your consumer debt, don't run large balances on your cards and maintain a mix of both consumer and secured borrowing, an increase in your credit could happen within months.
If you pay off all your credit card accounts (not just the one you're canceling) to $0 before canceling your card, you can avoid a decrease in your credit score. Typically, leaving your credit card accounts open is the best option, even if you're not using them.
So which scenario is worse — not having any credit or having bad credit? “Neither is good,” says Greg Reeder, CFP, a financial advisor with McClarren Financial Advisors in State College, Pennsylvania. However, “A poor credit score is worse,” he says. “If you have no credit, you can start from the ground up.
Most of the time, paying off your credit card in full is the best approach. Carrying a balance on your credit card does not help your credit score. Doing so can also result in extra fees and interest charges. CNBC Select explains why and how carrying a balance can harm your financial health.