As long as you can borrow the necessary shares, shorting a stock is perfectly legal. There are situations (especially if a stock is heavily shorted by investors) where there simply aren't any shares available to borrow.
A short squeeze occurs when a stock moves higher and short sellers decide to cover their short positions or are forced to do so via margin calls. As these short sellers buy the stock, the price rises, potentially creating a situation in which more shorts have to cover.
A short squeeze happens when many investors bet against a stock and its price shoots up instead. A short squeeze accelerates a stock's price rise as short sellers bail out to cut their losses. Contrarian investors try to anticipate a short squeeze and buy stocks that demonstrate a strong short interest.
One of the most famous, significant and big short squeezes of the 21 century is the sharp rise in the stock price of German car maker Volkswagen AG (XETR: VOW) in 2008. Between 24 and 28 October in that year, the company's share price recorded a 376.65% growth, up from 210.85 to 1005.01 EUR.
At its height, on January 28, the short squeeze caused the retailer's stock price to reach a pre-market value of over US$500 per share ($125 split-adjusted), nearly 30 times the $17.25 valuation at the beginning of the month. The price of many other heavily shorted securities and cryptocurrencies also increased.
Understanding Short Squeezes
Eventually, the seller will have to buy back shares. If the stock's price has dropped, the short seller makes money due to the difference between the price of the stock sold on margin and the reduced stock price paid later.
The best way to identify short squeeze candidates is to look at the number of shares short relative to a stock's average daily trading volume. This is known as the days to cover ratio. Stocks with days to cover ratios of 5 or more may be susceptible to short squeezes.
MOASS stands for “Mother of All Short Squeezes,” a phenomenon where stock prices skyrocket due to mass buying. It gained prominence with the GameStop stock saga, where day traders challenged large hedge funds. The strategy involves a high volume of purchases to drive up stock prices, countering short sellers.
Although some short squeezes may occur naturally in the market, a scheme to manipulate the price or availability of stock in order to cause a short squeeze is illegal. In the end, short-sellers are considered well informed investors who have the ability to identify overvalued stocks.
In general, short squeezes tend to last somewhere between several days and several months. There is no real “typical” length for a short squeeze, as each one is unique.
When celebrities make negative remarks about a brand, there are instances where the company has lost billions as a direct result. But equally, when a famous face makes an investment into a firm, or sings its praises, the company's shares have seen a major uptick.
Short selling is a trading strategy in which a trader aims to profit from a decline in a security's price by borrowing shares and selling them, hoping the stock price will then fall, enabling them to purchase the shares back for less money.
If the shares you shorted become worthless, you don't need to buy them back and will have made a 100% profit. Congratulations! Your hunch proved true.
The first official restriction on short selling came in 1938, when the SEC adopted a rule (known as the uptick rule) that a short sale could only be made when the price of a particular stock was higher than the previous trade price.
What Was the Bigggest Short Squeeze in History? The biggest short squeeze in history happened to Volkswagen stock in 2008. Although the auto maker's prospects seemed dismal, the company's outlook suddenly reversed when Porsche revealed a controlling stake.
Short squeezes are typically triggered either by unexpected good news that drives a security's price sharply higher or simply by a gradual build-up of buying pressure that begins to outweigh the selling pressure in the market.
There is no theoretical limit on how high a stock can go. The first way to avoid getting squeezed is simply to avoid shorting. But if you do decide to short, make sure you keep your position sizes modest and try to cut your losses early if the trade goes the wrong way.
If buying a stock that's in squeeze territory doesn't fall within your long-term objectives, you might want to step aside and not trade. If you do decide to venture in, make sure you have no illusions and no misconceptions of the dangers.
The GameStop short squeeze, starting in January 2021, was a short squeeze occurring on shares of GameStop, primarily triggered by the Reddit forum WallStreetBets. This squeeze led to the share price reaching an all-time intraday high of US$483 on January 28, 2021 on the NYSE.
What is a short squeeze for dummies? It is when the security price reaches new highs because of short-sellers buying the security in heavy volumes.
The Bottom Line. Investors can find general shorting information about a stock on many financial websites, as well as the website of the stock exchange on which the stock is listed. The short interest ratio is calculated by dividing the number of a company's shares that have been sold short by the average daily volume.