Is loan forgiveness refund taxable?

Asked by: Duane Schmeler  |  Last update: April 27, 2025
Score: 4.4/5 (62 votes)

In general, if your debt is canceled, forgiven, or discharged for less than the amount owed, the amount of the canceled debt is taxable. If taxable, you must report the canceled debt on your tax return for the year in which the cancellation occurred.

Is a refund from student loan forgiveness taxable?

Right now, anyone who receives student loan forgiveness between 2021 and 2025 will not have to pay taxes on any amount of student debt forgiveness. PSLF or IDR forgiveness is a potential result for any borrower. However, not all borrowers will reach forgiveness.

Is a forgivable loan taxable as income?

Once these requirements are satisfied, the principal of the loan is forgiven and, therefore, not required to be paid back to the employer. The principal of the loan is considered income to the employee and is taxable.

Do I have to report forgiven debt on my tax return?

Generally, if you borrow money from a commercial lender and the lender later cancels or forgives the debt, you may have to include the cancelled amount in income for tax purposes. The lender is usually required to report the amount of the canceled debt to you and the IRS on a Form 1099-C, Cancellation of Debt.

Is the borrower defense refund check taxable?

Federal loans that are discharged based on the Closed School or Defense to Repayment discharge process loan forgiveness under Borrower Defense to Repayment is not treated as taxable under federal law.

PSLF Updates and Options: December 2024 | Public Service Loan Forgiveness

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Do you pay taxes on refund checks?

Prior year Federal tax refunds (and payments) are not taxable (or deductible) on the current year's Federal income tax return. However, please check with your state to determine if this information needs to be reported anywhere on your current year state tax return.

How do I report financial aid refunds on my taxes?

To report the aid:
  1. On Form 1040EZ — Include the taxable amount on Line 1. If the income wasn't reported on a W-2, print “SCH” and the taxable amount in the space to the left of Line 1.
  2. On Form 1040 or 1040A — Include the taxable amount on Line 7.

Will I get a 1099 for student loan forgiveness?

When you receive any type of debt forgiveness for more than $600, the creditor is supposed to send you a Form 1099-C. You'll find, in box 2, an amount of tax forgiven, and you need to enter that amount on your tax return marked “other income.” The IRS generally considers forgiven debt as income for tax purposes.

Does loan forgiveness count as income?

The IRS considers canceled debt, including most forms of student loan debt forgiveness or student loan discharge, to be taxable income.

What if I get a 1099-C after filing taxes?

Regardless of whether or not the 1099-C will increase your taxable income, you should be aware that the IRS receives a copy of this form as well, so you should fill out an amended tax return to reflect the changes. If you're claiming one of the allowed exclusions, you still need to tell the IRS why.

How does IRS tax forgiveness work?

There are four main forgiveness programs accessible to taxpayers: Installment agreement — The most common repayment period is 72 months. The IRS recommends this if you can't pay your tax debt in full, including penalties and interest. Offer in compromise (OIC) — You offer to pay the IRS a fraction of what you owe.

What to do with a forgivable loan?

Forgivable Loan may be used for down payment and/or closing cost. Forgivable Loan funds may not be used to pay off borrower debt. Borrower(s) may not receive any cash back from the Forgivable Loan. Any excess funds must be applied as a principal reduction.

Is loan repayment taxable income?

Key takeaways

Since lenders require you to repay a personal loan, they are considered debt and not taxable income. If a lender forgives some or all of the loan, you may have to pay taxes on the forgiven loan amount. The IRS allows taxpayers to deduct interest on personal loan funds used for business purposes.

Why did I get a student loan refund check?

Why did my college send me a check? A refund check is money that is directly deposited to you by your college. It is the excess money left over from your financial aid award after your tuition and additional fees have been paid. Your college may send you a check or the money may be deposited into your checking account.

Is student loan reimbursement taxable income?

Yes. The repayment is includible in the employee's gross income and in wages for Federal employment tax purposes, notwithstanding the agency's repayment of the loan directly to the lender. This answer was provided by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS).

Does loan forgiveness affect credit score?

If you receive full forgiveness, it'll close your loan accounts, which can affect your credit score slightly. You'll have one fewer account on your record and the average age of your accounts could decrease.

What is the tax bomb after loan forgiveness?

The “IDR Tax Bomb” refers to the taxable income resulting from loan forgiveness after 20-25 years of payments. Preparing for this tax implication is crucial when considering an IDR plan and building a financial future.

How to report student loan repayment on taxes?

A Form 1098-E reports the student loan interest paid during the tax year. Meanwhile, a Form 1098-T provides information about educational expenses that may qualify you, or your parents or guardian (if you're a dependent), for education-related tax credits.

How does student loan forgiveness affect the economy?

Student loan debt slows new business growth and limits consumer spending. Broad student loan debt forgiveness may help boost the national economy by making it more affordable for borrowers to participate in it.

Do I have to pay taxes on a student loan refund?

According to the IRS, student loan amounts forgiven under PSLF are not considered income for tax purposes. Learn more about the PSLF process. You won't be taxed by the federal government, but your state may tax you. Any debt forgiven as a result of PSLF won't create a federal tax liability for you.

Is loan forgiveness taxable income?

In general, if your debt is canceled, forgiven, or discharged for less than the amount owed, the amount of the canceled debt is taxable. If taxable, you must report the canceled debt on your tax return for the year in which the cancellation occurred.

How to report 1099-C on tax return?

Lenders or creditors are required to issue Form 1099-C, Cancellation of Debt, if they cancel a debt owed to them of $600 or more. Generally, an individual taxpayer must include all canceled amounts (even if less than $600) on the "Other Income" line of Form 1040.

Is scholarship refund money taxable?

Some scholarship funds are subject to taxation. If you have scholarship money left over after covering your qualified education expenses, you'll need to include that amount as part of your gross taxable income.

How much money can a student make without paying taxes?

"If wages are less than $13,850, the student should still consider filing to receive refunds from federal and state withholding taxes," says Michael Trank, a CPA and personal financial specialist at Wertz and Company in Irvine, California.

Does financial aid hurt my tax return?

Pell grant funds can be excluded from taxable income if used for tuition, fees, books, supplies, and equipment, but not for unapproved purposes such as room and board. Earnings from work-study awards are fully taxable and must be included as wages and salary on tax returns.