Since the income is reported directly on the grantor's tax return for revocable trusts, any distributions made to beneficiaries typically do not have immediate tax consequences. However, once the grantor passes away and the trust becomes irrevocable, distributions may become taxable to the beneficiaries.
With the new IRS rule, assets in an irrevocable trust are not part of the owner's taxable estate at their death and are not eligible for the fair market valuation when transferred to an heir. The 2023-2 rule doesn't give an heir the higher cost basis or fair market value of the inherited asset.
Whenever a beneficiary receives a distribution from an irrevocable trust's principal balance, the beneficiary doesn't have to pay any taxes on that distribution. The trust doesn't have to pay taxes on that distribution either. The IRS automatically assumes the money was taxed before it was placed in the trust.
When the grantor of an irrevocable trusts dies, the person named successor trustee in the Declaration of Trust assumes control of the trust. The new trustee distributes the assets placed in the trust to the proper beneficiaries.
The marketing company terms the trust a “non-grantor, irrevocable, discretionary, complex spendthrift trust” and tells the trust maker that to avoid income taxes, all the trust maker needs to do is put income-earning assets into the trust and allocate the income to the trust's corpus.
A good first step for the beneficiary is to meet with the trustee who is tasked with executing the terms of the trust. It may be an individual, such as a CPA or lawyer, family member, or potentially a corporate trustee such as Wells Fargo Bank.
Assets transferred by a grantor to an irrevocable trusts are generally not part of the grantor's taxable estate for the purposes of the estate tax. This means that the assets will pass to the beneficiaries without being subject to estate tax.
However, a trust or an estate may also have an income distribution deduction for distributions to beneficiaries. Report income distributions to beneficiaries and to the IRS on Schedule K-1 (Form 1041). For calendar year estates and trusts, file Form 1041 and Schedule(s) K-1 on or before April 15 of the following year.
The downside of irrevocable trust is that you can't change it. And you can't act as your own trustee either. Once the trust is set up and the assets are transferred, you no longer have control over them, which can be a huge danger if you aren't confident about the reason you're setting up the trust to begin with.
When an irrevocable trust is classified as a non-grantor trust, the trust is deemed to be a separate taxpayer, requiring the trustees to file annual income tax returns for the trust (known as fiduciary income tax returns) reporting all matters of income and deduction with respect to the trust.
Inheritance checks are generally not reported to the IRS unless they involve cash or cash equivalents exceeding $10,000. Banks and financial institutions are required to report such transactions using Form 8300. Most inheritances are paid by regular check, wire transfer, or other means that don't qualify for reporting.
Another key difference: While there is no federal inheritance tax, there is a federal estate tax. The federal estate tax generally applies to assets over $13.61 million in 2024 and $13.99 million in 2025, and the federal estate tax rate ranges from 18% to 40%.
While these types of trusts can carry monetary benefits, they're not flexible and don't allow the trustor to make changes or revoke them. With these types of trusts, the trust creator often turns over control of the assets and funds to a trustee. Generally, only a trustee can withdraw money from an irrevocable trust.
An irrevocable trust transfers asset ownership from the original owner to the trust, with assets eventually distributed to the beneficiaries. Because those assets don't legally belong to the person who set up the trust, they aren't subject to estate or inheritance taxes when that person passes away.
Beneficiaries of a trust typically pay taxes on the distributions they receive from a trust's income. The trust doesn't pay the tax. Beneficiaries aren't subject to taxes on distributions from the trust's principal, however. The principal is the original sum of money that was placed into the trust.
COMMENT: If all the income is distributed to the beneficiaries, the beneficiaries pay tax on the income. Resident beneficiaries pay tax on income from all sources.
If you received a gift or inheritance, do not include it in your income. However, if the gift or inheritance later produces income, you will need to pay tax on that income. Example: You inherit and deposit cash that earns interest income. Include only the interest earned in your gross income, not the inherited cash.
When a portion of a beneficiary's distribution from a trust or the entirety of it originates from the trust's interest income, they generally will be required to pay income taxes on it, unless the trust has already paid the income tax.
When the grantor of an irrevocable trust dies, the trustee or the person named successor trustee assumes control of the trust. The new trustee distributes the assets placed in the trust according to the bylaws of the trust.
The assets you place in the Legacy Trust will become exempt from the Medicaid spend down requirements after a 5 year look back period. What is the 5 Year Look-Back? During the five years before applying for Medicaid a person cannot give away assets to become eligible for benefits.
If you're single and you create and fund a revocable living trust, all of your assets held in the trust will be subject to estate taxes after you die if your beneficiaries are individuals.
The good news regarding trusts and taxation is that gifts and inheritances are not considered income for income tax purposes. This means that gifts to trusts and distributions of principal from trusts to beneficiaries are not subject to income tax.