Allowable expenses are costs incurred "wholly and exclusively" for business purposes that can be deducted from your turnover to reduce your taxable profit. Common deductible expenses include office supplies, rent, utilities, staff salaries, marketing, business travel, and professional insurance. Only the business portion of mixed-use expenses (like phone bills or home office costs) can be claimed.
An allowable expense is money spent by your employees to conduct company business. These expenses are eligible for reimbursement under company policies. Examples include business travel, business meals, and purchasing goods or services necessary for work.
Allowable expenses include your basic office costs such as stationery and the bills you pay on your business phone. Travel costs and staff salaries are also included, as is the cost of a uniform or other appropriate clothing (for example, if you work in a skilled or manual trade).
When we say business expenses are 'allowable' this means that the tax rules allow the particular expense to be deducted from trading income when calculating the business's profits on which it will pay income tax and National Insurance contributions.
Allowable costs
– If You Pay for Your Phone Plan: If you are an employee and you pay for your mobile phone expenses without reimbursement from your employer, you can claim the work-related portion of your bill on your tax return.
You might be surprised to learn that simple business expenses like your cellphone bill or your new computer can be deducted from your taxable income. In fact, there are some fully-deductible expenses such as advertising and marketing costs, employee education and training, and certain legal fees.
The IRS allows taxpayers to deduct up to $3,000 of realized investment losses ($1,500 if married filing separately) against ordinary income each year. This deduction applies only to losses in taxable investment accounts and must be realized by December 31st to count for that tax year.
The IRS previously allowed certain miscellaneous deductions up to 2% of adjusted gross income (AGI). However, recent tax law changes have removed many of these general deductions. Now, only specific categories of employees qualify to deduct unreimbursed employee expenses.
Landscaping improvements that enhance the value or useful life of a property are typically considered capital improvements rather than deductible expenses. Capital improvements are added to the cost basis of the property and may be depreciated over time, rather than deducted in the year they are incurred.
Situations where you can claim on tax without receipts
Canada's 90% rule helps non-residents and recent immigrants claim full federal tax credits (like the Basic Personal Amount) if 90% or more of their net worldwide income for the relevant tax year is from Canadian sources; otherwise, credits are prorated (reduced) based on their Canadian residency period, ensuring fairness for those who weren't residents all year.
The biggest tax mistakes people make include filing late, math errors, incorrect personal info (like Social Security numbers), forgetting deductions/credits (like EITC), misreporting income, not signing forms, and making errors with bank details for direct deposit, all leading to delays, penalties, or missed savings, with using tax software or professionals helping avoid these common pitfalls.
A recent tax law ("One Big Beautiful Bill") introduced a new $6,000 bonus deduction for Americans aged 65 and older, available for tax years 2025-2028, reducing taxable income, not the tax itself, with income phase-outs starting at $75,000 MAGI for singles and $150,000 for joint filers. This deduction adds to existing standard deductions, provides up to $12,000 for couples, and requires a Social Security number and filing status other than Married Filing Separately.
Electricity and Gas Write-offs
The amount of the write-off for these utilities is determined by the percentage of the home that is used for business purposes. For example, if 20% of your home is used for business, you can write off 20% of your electricity and gas costs.
The "$1000 instant tax deduction" refers to a proposed Australian tax policy, specifically from the Albanese Labor government in 2025, allowing eligible workers to claim a flat $1,000 deduction for work-related expenses without needing receipts, simplifying tax returns for those with lower expenses but potentially costing those with higher expenses, starting from 1 July 2026. It's an option to replace itemised work-related deductions, not an extra refund, and doesn't affect non-work-related deductions like charity.
100% write-offs, primarily through bonus depreciation, allow businesses to immediately deduct the full cost of qualifying new and used assets (like equipment, machinery, vehicles, and certain improvements) in the year they're placed in service, rather than depreciating them over years, significantly boosting cash flow and lowering taxes, with recent laws making this 100% deduction permanent for assets acquired after January 19, 2025. This is a major tax incentive under recent legislation, often used alongside Section 179 expensing, which offers its own high deduction limits, notes Forbes.
Errors in Social Security numbers, names, or addresses are surprisingly common. Double-check all personal information on your forms and make sure it matches official records. Failing to include all W-2s, 1099s, or receipts for deductions can trigger audits or processing delays.
20 Common Tax Deductions: Examples for Your Next Tax Return