The Best Ways to Pay Off Debt
Debt consolidation, the debt snowball method and the debt avalanche method are some of the best ways to tackle debt, especially if you have high-interest credit card balances. Here's what you need to know about how each strategy works and when to consider it.
List your debts from highest interest rate to lowest interest rate. Make minimum payments on each debt, except the one with the highest interest rate. Use all extra money to pay off the debt with the highest interest rate. Repeat process after paying off each debt with the highest interest rate.
Pay off your most expensive loan first.
By paying it off first, you're reducing the overall amount of interest you pay and decreasing your overall debt. Then, continue paying down debts with the next highest interest rates to save on your overall cost.
The Bottom Line
Different types of debt include secured and unsecured, or revolving and installment. Debt categories can also include mortgages, credit card lines of credit, student loans, auto loans, and personal loans.
With the snowball method, you pay off the card with the smallest balance first. Once you've repaid the balance in full, you take the money you were paying for that debt and use it to help pay down the next smallest balance. This method costs a bit more in time and money, but it has psychological benefits.
Prioritizing debt by interest rate.
The avalanche method can save you both money and time. Chipping away at your priciest debts first reduces what you'll pay in interest in the long run. In turn, you can use the savings to help pay down what you owe and speed up the repayment process.
The best debt payoff option depends on your personal debt payoff goals. The debt snowball method can help you pay off your smallest balances faster, which can be motivating. But the debt avalanche method could save you more money overall.
Focus on one account at a time.
Logic—and math—will dictate that you focus on paying off the debt with the highest interest rate first. The sooner you get that paid off, the less interest charges you'll pay and the more money you'll have to pay off your other debts.
Debt avalanche: Focus on paying down the debt with the highest interest rate first (while paying minimums on the others), then move on to the account with the next highest rate and so on. This might help you get out of debt faster and save you money over the long run by wiping out the costliest debt first.
In terms of saving money, a debt avalanche is better because it saves you money in interest by targeting your highest-interest debt first. However, some people find the debt snowball method better because it can be more motivating to see a smaller debt paid off more quickly.
High-interest loans -- which could include payday loans or unsecured personal loans -- can be considered bad debt, as the high interest payments can be difficult for the borrower to pay back, often putting them in a worse financial situation.
The method of debt reduction that saves you the most money in interest is paying off the highest interest rate debt first. This strategy is known as the debt snowball method. With this method, you focus on paying off the debt with the highest interest rate first, while making minimum payments on the rest of your debts.
If you do it right, debt consolidation might slightly decrease your score temporarily. The drop will come from a hard inquiry that appears on your credit reports every time you apply for credit. But, according to Experian, the decrease is normally less than 5 points and your score should rebound within a few months.
When it comes to credit card debt relief, it's important to dispel a common misconception: There are no government-sponsored programs specifically designed to eliminate credit card debt. So, you should be wary of any offers claiming to represent such government initiatives, as they may be misleading or fraudulent.
The "snowball method," simply put, means paying off the smallest of all your loans as quickly as possible. Once that debt is paid, you take the money you were putting toward that payment and roll it onto the next-smallest debt owed. Ideally, this process would continue until all accounts are paid off.
Most debt will be settled by your estate after you die. In many cases, the assets in your estate can be taken to pay off outstanding debt. Federal student loans are among the only types of debt to be commonly forgiven at death.
Payment history is the most important factor in maintaining a higher credit score as it accounts for 35% of your FICO Score. FICO considers your payment history as the leading predictor of whether you'll pay future debt on time.
The IRS has substantial authority to collect on debts such as student loans or unpaid taxes. It could intercept your tax refund or take your paycheck or bank account. Consumers often can work out a repayment plan to resolve these debts. Like child support, they generally never go away, even in bankruptcy.