Rich people legally pay less in taxes by utilizing strategies that minimize taxable income rather than just reducing spending. Key methods include the "buy, borrow, die" approach, leveraging low-taxed capital gains, using business deductions, and employing tax-advantaged trusts. These methods often rely on holding assets that appreciate in value without realizing taxable income.
Business titans tend to take their compensation as shares in publicly traded companies and privately held businesses, as well as investments in “pass-through” companies with special tax rules.
Use tax-reduction strategies like expanded SALT deductions and vehicle loan interest deductions, as well as smart timing around stock options, to avoid the alternative minimum tax, or AMT . Optimize investment taxes via tax-loss harvesting and timing mutual fund investments to avoid increasing taxable income.
Grantor Retained Annuity Trusts (GRATs)
A GRAT is an irrevocable trust designed to shift future asset appreciation to beneficiaries, typically children, with minimal gift and estate tax liability. The grantor contributes assets into the GRAT and in return receives a series of annual payments for a specified term.
The strategy is called 'Buy, Borrow, Die'. This approach involves buying appreciating assets like stocks, collectibles, and particularly real estate; borrowing against these assets at less than their appreciation rate; and eventually passing the assets down to heirs, often with little or no capital gains tax liability.
The wealthy are often able to write off such things as lavish meals, as well as the use of their yachts and private planes, helping them essentially pay for these assets the average person can't even dream of owning.
We thought Michigan residents might be interesting in learning how Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg and several company insiders are using a legal tactic called a “grantor-retained annuity trust” to avoid paying hundreds of millions of dollars in estate and gift taxes on their Facebook shares.
Wealthy family borrows against its assets' growing value and uses the newly available cash to live off or invest in other assets, like rental properties. The family does NOT owe taxes on its asset-leveraged loans because the government doesn't tax borrowed money.
The IRS 7-year rule primarily applies to keeping records for claiming a deduction for bad debts or losses from worthless securities, allowing a longer period to file for a credit or refund, but it's not a universal audit limit; it's often a recommended safe buffer for general record-keeping, with the standard IRS audit period usually being 3 years, extending to 6 years for substantial income omission (over 25%) or foreign income issues, and indefinitely for fraud.
In some years, billionaires such as Jeff Bezos, Elon Musk and George Soros paid no federal income taxes at all. Billionaires avoid these taxes by taking out special ultra-low-interest loans available only to them and using their assets as collateral.
“Tesla: The company has used mechanisms like deferred tax assets, research and development credits, and massive deductions from Elon Musk's stock-based compensation to reduce its U.S. federal income tax to near zero in profitable years.”
A tax loophole is a legal way to save on your taxes, too — except that loopholes tend to be lacunae in the tax code that aren't obvious. People tend to think of tax loopholes as tricks that big corporations pull to get out of paying taxes, but there are many possibilities open to individuals, as well.
Googlers call Zuckerberg's approach the 80 percent rule
She calls this idea the 80 percent rule. It states you should schedule only about 80 percent of your days. Leave 20 percent open to absorb whatever craziness comes up.
Tesla paid $0 in federal income tax last year. 2022: $0 2021: $0 2020: $0 2019: $0 2018: $0 Tesla reported $6.7 billion in profit in those years.
One easy way to pay no income tax is to have little or no taxable income. For tax year 2025, taxpayers receive a standard deduction of $15,750 (singles or married persons filing separately) or $31,500 (marrieds filing jointly). For heads of households, the standard deduction is $23,625 for tax year 2025.
One-time forgiveness, officially known as First-Time Penalty Abatement (FTA), is an IRS program that allows qualified taxpayers to have certain penalties removed from their tax accounts.