What does it mean when a loan is sent to underwriting for final approval?

Asked by: Ms. Kelsie Romaguera PhD  |  Last update: October 12, 2025
Score: 5/5 (57 votes)

Underwriting is the process where a mortgage lender evaluates a borrower's income, credit history and the value of a property to determine whether to approve a mortgage loan and under what terms. Underwriting can take a few days to a few weeks before you'll be cleared to close.

What does final underwriting approval mean?

The term “clear to close” means the Underwriter has signed-off on all documents and issued a final approval. You meet all of your lenders' requirements to qualify for a mortgage, and your mortgage team has been given the green light to move forward with your home loan.

Does underwriting mean you are approved?

A mortgage underwriter is the person that approves or denies your loan application. Let's discuss what underwriters look for in the loan approval process. In considering your application, they look at a variety of factors, including your credit history, income and any outstanding debts.

How long does it take for the underwriter to make a decision?

The mortgage underwriting process can take anywhere from a few days to a few weeks. The timeline varies depending on whether the underwriter needs more information from you, how busy the lender is and how streamlined the lender's practices are.

Can you be denied after underwriting approval?

However, even though prospective homebuyers get pre-approved for a mortgage before shopping for homes, there's no 100% guarantee they'll successfully get financing. Mortgages can get denied and real estate deals can fall apart — even after the buyer is pre-approved.

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Are underwriting decisions final?

After looking at all this info, the underwriter makes a final decision about whether you can be approved for coverage and how much it'll cost. Moser says, “The underwriter wants to help the applicant. Even if they can't offer you the rate you applied for, they want to offer you something.”

Do underwriters have the final say?

Underwriters are the decision makers because they look at your application and will determine whether you receive approval. They usually have the final say as to whether you'll receive a loan or insurance policy.

How do you know if your loan will be approved?

Lenders typically consider various factors before approving a loan application. By focusing on building a good credit score, reducing debt, improving your debt-to-income ratio, and providing accurate documentation, you can enhance your eligibility for loan approval.

What not to do during underwriting?

5 Mistakes to Avoid During the Underwriting Process
  • Not responding to emails from the lender. ...
  • Buying an improperly valued home. ...
  • Exceeding loan limitations. ...
  • Lying to your lender. ...
  • Frivolous purchases while your home is pending.

How fast can an underwriter approve a loan?

Approval or denial: 1 to 3 days

If the underwriter determines that your overall risk profile is acceptable, you'll receive a letter of commitment detailing the terms and conditions of the loan. You'll also receive a closing disclosure within three business days of closing on your mortgage loan.

Do underwriters look at spending habits?

Spending habits

And they will look to see if you are regularly spending less than you earn consistent with the savings you are claiming. No matter how frugal you might be most lenders have adopted a floor on the living expenses they will accept.

Can a loan go to underwriting without appraisal?

2. Limited Appraisal Waivers. Certain lenders, like large banks or credit unions, have the capability to offer limited appraisal waivers on eligible transactions, typically for pre-approved buyers in very strong financial standing. This allows them to approve loans without the condition of an appraisal.

Does underwriting mean loan is approved?

Underwriting is the process by which the lender decides whether an applicant is creditworthy and should receive a loan. An effective underwriting and loan approval process is a key predecessor to favorable portfolio quality, and a main task of the function is to avoid as many undue risks as possible.

What does final approval status mean?

Once all the conditions have been met, your mortgage lender will issue you a final approval. This means that the loan has been approved and you can now close on the property.

What is the end of the underwriting period?

The underwriting period ends upon delivery by the issuer of the securities to the underwriters (i.e., the bond closing) if the underwriters no longer retain an unsold balance at such time.

What does final approval mean for a mortgage?

Get Final Approval and Prepare for Closing

An underwriter will do one final review to ensure your loan is financially sound. We may request additional information or documentation to clear any remaining conditions. Then, your loan will receive final approval and move to closing.

How do you know if your loan is denied?

Within 30 days of receiving a completed application from a consumer, your bank should notify you, in writing, of its action—and either the reasons for that action or instructions on how to request a statement of the specific reasons for that action—on your application.

How long between conditional approval and final approval?

The journey from conditional approval to closing usually takes 1-2 weeks — provided you move promptly.

What happens during final underwriting approval?

Step 4: Final Approval

Once all conditions have been met, the underwriter will give final approval for the loan. This means that the lender is ready to close the loan and fund the purchase of your new home.

Will I get denied during underwriting?

Key takeaways about mortgage denials in underwriting

Your loan can be denied if you have incomplete or missing information on your loan application or don't meet minimum mortgage requirements. Denials are less common on mortgage loan applications.

Does the underwriter make the final decision?

After considering all these factors, the underwriter makes a final decision. The underwriter could approve, deny or suspend your application based on their assessment of your creditworthiness. This process is essential for lenders.

How many loans fall through in underwriting?

A mortgage underwriter typically denies about 1 in 10 mortgage loan applications. A mortgage loan application can be denied for many reasons, including a borrower's low credit score, recent employment change or high debt-to-income ratio.

Does the underwriter have the final say?

Underwriting is the process of evaluating and reviewing a potential borrower's creditworthiness, ability to repay, financial profile, submitted documents, and collateral to determine whether the lender can fund the loan. Essentially, underwriters have the final say in whether you qualify for a loan.

How long is the underwriting period?

The underwriting discovery period begins on the policy's effective date and ends some time after – typically, 30 to 60 days, but can be 90 - 120 days depending on your state's laws. Over this time, the insurance company takes a closer look at the risk (i.e., you and your home), often reviewing your home's: Age.