What does the IRS consider foreign income?

Asked by: Caroline Botsford  |  Last update: June 22, 2026
Score: 4.8/5 (24 votes)

The IRS considers foreign income as any money earned, or unearned, from sources outside the United States, including wages, salaries, self-employment, interest, dividends, and rentals. U.S. citizens and residents must report this global income, regardless of where they live or if they receive a Form W-2. It covers services performed abroad, even if paid by a U.S. company.

What counts as foreign income in the IRS?

If you physically work abroad, your employment income qualifies as foreign earned – even when a U.S. company pays you. According to IRS data from 2016 to 2021, 62% of Americans filing from abroad owe $0 in federal taxes after applying available exclusions and credits.

How much foreign income is tax free in the USA?

The U.S. allows a Foreign Earned Income Exclusion (FEIE), letting you exclude a significant amount of your foreign wages from U.S. tax; for 2024, it's $126,500, and for 2025, it's projected to be around $130,000, plus potential housing cost exclusions, to avoid double taxation, though you must file U.S. taxes and meet residency tests. This applies to earned income (wages, salaries), not passive income like interest or dividends. 

What counts as foreign income?

Foreign income is any money you earn from sources outside the UK, whether that's employment, self-employment, property, investments, or pensions. It includes salary from working abroad, rental income from overseas properties, interest from foreign bank accounts, and dividends from international shares.

What is excluded foreign income?

The United States taxes citizens and residents on their worldwide income. Citizens and residents living and working outside the U.S. may be entitled to a foreign earned income exclusion that reduces taxable income. For 2026, the maximum exclusion is $132,900 per taxpayer (future years indexed for inflation).

How is foreign earned income defined by the IRS?

15 related questions found

What does foreign income include?

Foreign employment income is income you derive as an Australian resident working overseas as an employee. Foreign earnings includes income you earn such as salary, wages, commissions, bonuses, allowances and income assessed under the employee share scheme provisions.

How much foreign income is tax free in 2025?

If you qualify, you can exclude up to $130,000 of foreign earned income in 2025 ($126,500 in 2024) from US federal income tax. It applies to both US citizens and Green Card holders living overseas.

How does IRS find foreign income?

FATCA Example

Each year, the foreign financial institution where David banks provides the US government with US account holders' account information and income associated with the accounts in accordance with the FATCA agreement (IGA), the country entered into with the United States.

What is an example of a foreign income?

Foreign source of income means an income earned by an individual such as dividend, interest, royalties, fees for technical services etc. from sources outside India. For considering such an income to be earned outside India, the ultimate beneficiary should be conducting the activity outside India only.

What income qualifies for the exclusion?

The income exclusion rule defines certain types of income as non-taxable, like life insurance and child support proceeds. Non-taxable income includes payments that cannot be used for food or shelter, such as medical or auto repair bill payments.

Which states don't tax foreign income?

Fully income tax-free states:

  • Alaska.
  • Florida.
  • Nevada.
  • New Hampshire (fully tax-free as of January 1, 2025)
  • South Dakota.
  • Tennessee.
  • Texas.
  • Washington.

Do you get taxed twice on foreign income?

While the U.S. can legally tax you twice on the same income, most American expats never pay taxes twice. The IRS provides powerful tools like the Foreign Earned Income Exclusion and Foreign Tax Credit that eliminate or significantly reduce double taxation for Americans living abroad.

Do I have to pay tax on my foreign income?

Income-tax Act, 1961 require residents to report their foreign assets and income in their Income Tax Returns (ITR). Specifically, Schedule FA (Foreign Assets) in the ITR form is meant for reporting foreign assets, and Schedule FSI (Foreign Source Income) is for reporting income from foreign sources.

What is included in foreign income?

The full amount of foreign property investment income, such as dividends and interest, must be included in the recipient taxpayer's income. The taxable amount is the gross amount received, without taking into account tax withheld at source by the foreign country.

What income is not taxable in the USA?

Unemployment compensation generally is taxable. Inheritances, gifts, cash rebates, alimony payments (for divorce decrees finalized after 2018), child support payments, most healthcare benefits, welfare payments, and money that is reimbursed from qualifying adoptions are deemed nontaxable by the IRS.

Do US citizens have to report foreign income?

Federal law requires U.S. citizens and resident aliens to report their worldwide income, including income from foreign trusts and foreign bank and other financial accounts.

What is the IRS definition of foreign income?

For this purpose, foreign earned income is income you receive for services you perform in a foreign country in a period during which your tax home is in a foreign country and you meet either the bona fide residence test or the physical presence test.

Do I have to declare my foreign income?

In addition to reporting foreign income on your personal tax return, if you own specified foreign property with a total cost of more than $100,000 CAD, the details must be reported on form T1135. This form is due on the same day as your personal tax return and carries penalties from $100-$2,500 if it is filed late.

How does HMRC find out about foreign income?

HMRC will share information with the tax authority of another country (where we have an agreement in place to do so) if the account is held by one of their tax residents. In turn, HMRC will receive information about UK tax residents who hold accounts outside of the UK.

What amount of foreign income is not taxable?

However, you may qualify to exclude your foreign earnings from income up to an amount that is adjusted annually for inflation ($107,600 for 2020, $108,700 for 2021, $112,000 for 2022, and $120,000 for 2023). In addition, you can exclude or deduct certain foreign housing amounts.

How does the IRS know about foreign income?

US taxpayers are required to report their worldwide income and foreign financial assets annually on their tax returns and on international informational reports, such as FinCEN Form 114 (FBAR), Form 8938, etc.

How to avoid US tax on foreign income?

Foreign Earned Income Exclusion. Foreign Earned Income Exclusion (FEIE) is a tool that allows US expats to subtract their foreign earnings from US taxable income. If you live and work abroad, use the Internal Revenue Service's (IRS) Form 2555 to report your foreign earned income.