If an executor spends all the money from an estate, they have breached their fiduciary duty, and beneficiaries can take legal action to remove them, force the return of funds, and potentially seek personal liability through court-ordered surcharges. The court may require the executor to repay the estate from their own personal assets.
Can your executor take money from the estate? The executor is not the owner of the estate, meaning they do not have rights to the assets within the estate. They are however permitted to be paid for their duties. This does not mean they are free to take whatever sum of money they wish from the estate account.
Spending all the estate assets can also lead to fines and repercussions for the estate if there is not enough money left to pay for important expenses like estate taxes and creditor debts. Fortunately, the law provides potential recourse for beneficiaries who have experienced theft at the hands of an estate executor.
Steps to be taken if an Executor Steals from a Probate Estate may include:
In such cases, beneficiaries may have grounds to hold the executor personally liable for the financial losses their misconduct caused the estate to incur. If the misconduct is severe, they may also be justified in seeking the executor's removal.
Depending on the amount they steal, inheritance hijacking could even be a felony. In California, stealing becomes a felony when the value stolen exceeds $950.
How long can an executor withhold money from a beneficiary? While there isn't a specific time frame for executors to have the ability to withhold money from a beneficiary, it isn't unreasonable for them to take up to a year to deal with an estate, where it is straightforward.
Generally, executors may legally withhold funds from beneficiaries if there is a legitimate reason for withholding and doing so is in compliance with the will, applicable law and the executor's fiduciary duties.
Executors and administrators are required to account to beneficiaries and accountings typically detail the same information that would be shown in a bank statement. However, there is no firm requirement in the probate code to provide bank statements to estate beneficiaries.
If the executor fails to meet their legal obligations, a beneficiary can sue them for breach of fiduciary duty. If there are multiple beneficiaries, all must agree on whether to sue an executor.
The three year rule affects certain gifts and transfers made within three years of death. Here's a straightforward breakdown: If you transfer certain assets or give up control over them within three years of your death, those assets might be included in your estate for tax purposes.
An executor can override a beneficiary when they are acting in accordance with state statutes, the terms of a will and the level of legal authority they've been granted by the court to administer an estate. This holds true even in instances where beneficiaries disagree with their decisions.
As such, it is generally not appropriate for an Executor to transfer property to themselves. If an Executor transfers property to themselves without proper authorisation or without acting in the best interests of the beneficiaries, they may be in breach of their legal duties and could face legal action.
The first in line for inheritance, when someone dies without a will (intestate), is typically the surviving spouse, followed by the deceased's children; if none, then the deceased's parents, then siblings, and then more distant relatives like grandparents or aunts/uncles, as determined by state laws (intestate succession).
How often does the executor have to keep me informed? There's no set timescale for how often an executor should update beneficiaries, however it's good practice for everyone to agree at the start on how and when they'll keep you informed while they're administering the estate.
Executors may have anywhere from a few weeks to a few years to transfer property after death. The time it takes to transfer the property depends on what type of property deed is involved and whether the estate must go through the probate process.
Tips on How to Deal with Greedy Family Members After Death
If you suspect you've been cheated out of an inheritance, first gather all records and evidence, then consult an estate lawyer immediately to understand your options, which can include sending a demand letter, petitioning the court to compel accounting, removing the executor, or contesting the will for reasons like fraud or undue influence, potentially leading to civil or even criminal action against those who stole assets. Don't delay, as waiting makes recovery harder.