What happens if buyer backs out of contract?

Asked by: Ms. Cleora Kohler  |  Last update: September 29, 2025
Score: 4.1/5 (17 votes)

When a buyer backs out, the seller incurs real costs during the contract period, such as real estate taxes, utilities, and homeowner association dues. To address these costs, attorneys often negotiate a split of the earnest money based on the seller's carrying costs and the current market conditions.

What is the seller's compensation if the buyer backs out?

The purpose of earnest money is to provide the seller with compensation in the event that the buyer backs out of the deal through no fault of the seller and in violation of the agreements in the purchase contract. If that happens, the seller gets to keep the earnest money.

How close to closing can a buyer back out?

You can back out of buying a house any time before closing. However, you'll likely face penalties — including possibly being sued — if the purchase agreement has already been signed and you're backing out for a reason that isn't listed as a contingency in the purchase agreement.

Can a buyer change their mind after closing?

No, the new homeowners cannot reverse the sale after closing. They own the property now and should have insurance to cover any loss or damage to the property from the break-in. If they don't want to move in, their only recourse is putting the house back on the market and selling it to a new buyer.

What happens if buyer breaks contract?

Money damages are commonly sought by parties that have suffered a loss in a breach of a real estate contract. If it is a case where a buyer backs out of a purchase, the money damages could be the difference between the contract purchase price and the market value.

What can a home seller do when the buyer backs out of contract?

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What to do if buyer backs out of contract?

If a buyer backs out on your deal, you'll want to weigh your options and consult a real estate attorney before making any decisions. While you can sue a buyer for backing out, sometimes it's easier to take their deposit, re-list, and include some contingencies of your own with the next buyer.

How much can a seller sue a buyer for breach of contract?

The measure of the seller's damages would be the difference between what the seller would have made if that buyer had completed its obligations and what the seller got in that next sale. In the example above, the seller can recover the $50,000 difference as damages.

Can a buyer pull out after signing contracts?

Following the exchange of contracts is completion, but there is usually some time for the buyer and seller to make final arrangements. All parties are legally bound following the exchange of contracts. This means that they can face legal consequences if they withdraw from the sale.

Can a home seller sue a buyer for backing out?

“If all of the buyer's legitimate deadlines have expired and the buyer is considered to be in default of the contract, the seller can elect to keep the earnest money as liquidated damages and agree to cancel the contract,” says Horner. “Or, the seller can elect to sue.”

What happens if a buyer changes their mind on a house?

If the buyer changes their mind for a reason that is not covered by a contingency, they may forfeit their earnest money deposit. For example, if the buyer simply decides they do not want to purchase the home, they will likely lose their earnest money deposit.

Do you lose earnest money if you back out?

Should a buyer break the terms of the contract, they may be at risk of losing their earnest money deposit. However, there are a number of potentially agreed-upon contingencies that may protect the buyer from backing out of a deal but still keeping all of their earnest money.

How often do home buyers back out?

3.9% of real estate sales fail after the contract is signed.

One of the most common deal-breakers is when the buyer feels the house failed a home inspection.

Can a buyer cancel after closing on a house?

You can back out of buying a house without severe consequences up until the point all contingencies in the contract are met or waived, and you proceed to closing. Once you close on the house (signed and sealed), the sale is considered final, and backing out is no longer an option.

What happens if the buyer backs out last minute?

Typically, if the buyer decides to walk away after the due diligence period has already ended, you get to pocket the earnest money deposit. But that's not always the case. You'll need to check your purchase agreement to see whether the buyer would be allowed to keep the cash under certain circumstances.

Who gets escrow if a buyer backs out?

When a buyer backs out, attorneys often negotiate a split of the earnest money. Complete forfeiture of the earnest money is rare because the cost and effort required to claim it often outweigh the benefit, especially for smaller amounts. Both parties must agree to the release of these funds from escrow.

What happens if the buyer doesn't have enough money at closing?

Simply put, if you don't have all the required money at closing, you won't be allowed to close. This could lead to a seller lawsuit and/or forfeit of your earnest money deposit. As such, investors need to understand how to A) calculate closing costs; and B) secure additional financing, if necessary.

How long after you buy a house can you sue the seller?

Depending on the laws of your state, you may have up to 3 years to seek legal action if the sellers KNOWINGLY hid or lied about issues in their disclosure. If a property is sold “as is” or purchased through an auction, then it is up to the buyer to do their due diligence and pay for any inspections that they choose.

How long does the seller have to move out after closing?

This date is set by the buyer and seller during contract negotiations, and is an important milestone in the homebuying process. The parties may choose a possession date that falls immediately after closing, or after a certain timeframe such as 15, 30, or 60 days after closing. This affords the seller more time to move.

Can a seller refuse to extend a closing date?

In most contracts, both parties must agree to any extension unless the contract specifies that one party has the right to extend unilaterally under certain conditions. The contract may specify penalties for failing to close on time or remedies if the other party is at fault for the delay.

What happens if you change your mind about buying a house before closing?

If the buyer simply changes their mind, they will most likely lose their earnest money. The deposit usually goes to the seller as indicated in the contract terms.

Can a buyer back out after signing?

In California, home buyers can legally back out of a real estate transaction without losing the deposit if they have a contingency in place. This contingency should be written into the purchase agreement in the form of a standard legal clause.

How long after signing contracts do you get keys?

Completion is when the money changes hands and you are able to finally get hold of the keys to your new place. A time of two weeks is usually allocated between exchanging contracts and completion, although it can be even quicker than this.

Can buyer sue if seller backs out?

Key Takeaways: Homeowners may want to back out of a deal to sell their home for a number of reasons, including receiving a higher offer, an inability to buy a new home, or they just plain changed their minds. The buyer can sue a seller who cancels a home sale in a way not allowed by the purchase and sale contract.

How hard is it to sue for breach of contract?

Determining where, when, and how to file a claim for breach of contract can be challenging in civil law. Contract law is also a complicated body of laws. There are several factors to consider when deciding how and where to file a breach of contract case.

Can someone sue you after they buy your house?

The first major thing that the seller has the duty to accurately disclose is the defects in the home. No matter what, they must tell you about latent defects. Then, they must also disclose any encumbrances on the property. If they do not, they can be sued after the sale when you discover whatever is wrong.