What happens if I don't pay unsecured debt?

Asked by: Lenny Hoeger MD  |  Last update: September 18, 2025
Score: 4.5/5 (29 votes)

If you don't pay an unsecured loan, you might face late fees and higher interest rates, and your credit score could drop. Debt collectors might call you and send letters. If you still don't pay, the debt could go to a law firm, and they might sue you.

Can you be forced to pay unsecured debt?

In the case of unsecured debt the creditor cannot take anything from you without going to court first. Credit card debt, medical bills, and other loans without collateral are all examples of unsecured debt. The only way a creditor can collect this type of debt is by taking you to court.

What happens if unsecured loans are not paid back?

Defaulting on an unsecured loan

As a result, your credit score will absorb the majority of the impact from any missed payments. Then, once your account goes to collections, the collections agency has the right to sue you for the money you owe.

How long before unsecured debt is written off?

Debts you're not responsible for

You might not have to pay a debt if: it's been six years or more since you made a payment or were in contact with the creditor.

Can unsecured loans be written off?

The simple answer to this question is 'yes', because some debt solutions involve getting some or all of your unsecured debt written off. These solutions are most often used by people who are unlikely to be able to afford to repay their debts in full within a reasonable time.

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17 related questions found

What happens if I stop paying my unsecured loan?

If you default on unsecured debts, the lender can send your account to a collection agency, which can lead to stressful phone calls and notices, a lowered credit score, and more difficulty getting new credit in the future.

Can an unsecured loan take your house?

If you fail to pay unsecured debt, the creditor can't take any of your property without first suing you and getting a court judgment, subject to a few exceptions.

How long can I be chased for a debt?

The Limitation Act (1980) states that most unsecured debts can be chased for six years. This means that, as long as the debt hasn't been paid or acknowledged in six years, your creditor will lose the right to take legal action to force you to pay it.

How do you wipe out unsecured debt?

Which debt solutions write off debts?
  1. Bankruptcy: Writes off unsecured debts if you cannot repay them. Any assets like a house or car may be sold.
  2. Debt relief order (DRO): Writes off debts if you have a relatively low level of debt. Must also have few assets.
  3. Individual voluntary arrangement (IVA): A formal agreement.

Can I negotiate unsecured debt?

It is often used when a borrower cannot keep up with their unsecured debts. For instance, you might be able to cut your credit card balance by up to 50%. So if you owe $20,000 on a credit card, you may be able to settle for half the balance if you can scrape up $10,000 in cash.

What are 3 consequences of not paying back a loan?

Failing to pay could result in your account going into default, the balance being sent to collections, your lender taking legal action against you and your credit score dropping significantly.

Can unsecured loans be forgiven?

If you meet the eligibility requirements, your lender may forgive either a portion or the entirety of the outstanding balances on your unsecured debt, potentially including credit cards, personal loans or medical bills. Debt forgiveness programs and their conditions vary by the type of forgiveness you're looking for.

How to clear an unsecured loan?

What to do:
  1. Visit bank with the complete set of documents (as mentioned above).
  2. You may be required to fill a form or write a letter requesting pre-closure of the Personal Loan account.
  3. Pay the pre-closure amount.
  4. Sign the required documents, if any.
  5. Take acknowledgement of the balance amount you have paid.

Can you go to jail for unsecured debt?

You cannot be arrested or sentenced to prison for not paying off debt such as student loans, credit cards, personal loans, car loans, home loans or medical bills. A debt collector can, however, file a lawsuit against you in state civil court to collect money that you owe.

Can unsecured debt take my car?

Debt collectors cannot repossess your possessions if the debt is unsecured, such as a credit card or student loan. In the case of secured debt, however, particularly auto loans, for which the car is collateral, failure to make payments can result in repossession of the vehicle.

What happens if you evade debt?

Ignoring or avoiding the debt collector may cause the debt collector to use other methods to try to collect the debt, including a lawsuit against you.

Can you get in trouble for not paying unsecured debt?

Defaulting on an Unsecured Loan

As mentioned previously, however, a collection agency may try to sue you for the unpaid amounts you owe, attempt to garnish your wages, or place a lien on your home through a court order. 5 And, as with a secured loan, you can expect a serious impact on your credit score.

Can you sue for unsecured debt?

For this reason, when someone fails to repay their unsecured debt in full or on time, creditors may decide to take legal action against them by suing for repayment.

How to pay $30,000 debt in one year?

It will take effort, discipline and, perhaps, some outside help, but you can make it if you do the following:
  1. Make a list of all your credit card debts.
  2. Make a budget.
  3. Create a strategy to pay down debt.
  4. Pay more than your minimum payment whenever possible.
  5. Set goals and timeline for repayment.
  6. Consolidate your debt.

How long before a debt becomes uncollectible?

Most states or jurisdictions have statutes of limitations between three and six years for debts, but some may be longer. This may also vary depending, for instance, on the: Type of debt. State where you live.

What is the 11 word phrase to stop debt collectors?

If you are struggling with debt and debt collectors, Farmer & Morris Law, PLLC can help. As soon as you use the 11-word phrase “please cease and desist all calls and contact with me immediately” to stop the harassment, call us for a free consultation about what you can do to resolve your debt problems for good.

Can a debt collector come to your house?

So – can a debt collector come to your house? The answer is yes, but they have to follow the rules laid out in the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act. They cannot use profane language or threats, and they can't knock on the door during “unreasonable hours,” which are before 8 a.m. or after 9 p.m.

Can unsecured loans take you to court?

In contrast, if a borrower defaults on an unsecured loan, the lender cannot claim any property. But the lender can take other actions, such as commissioning a collection agency to collect the debt or taking the borrower to court. If the court rules in the lender's favor, the borrower's wages may be garnished.

Can I lose my house over unsecured debt?

Fortunately, your home is safe from any creditors who do not have a mortgage or lien on it. Credit card companies and other unsecured loan holders can't come and simply take your property or home after missing a few payments. A creditor will first start making collection attempts by mail, phone calls or other methods.

Can an unsecured loan put a lien on your house?

Only secured loans require liens, whereas unsecured loans don't. However, keep in mind that unsecured loans typically come with higher interest rates and fees since they're riskier for the lender.