Moving overseas generally triggers a "deemed disposal" of assets at market value for Capital Gains Tax (CGT) purposes, meaning you may owe tax on unrealized gains for shares and non-taxable Australian property. Non-residents often lose the 50% CGT discount and main residence exemptions, and must pay tax on gains for assets like property.
Potentially. Whether you owe tax on any gains, and how much tax you owe, will depend on the tax rules in your country of residence. Some countries do not have CGT or an equivalence, while others may have higher rates. You should also check with a local tax specialist your local requirements.
All American citizens and permanent residents — even those who live abroad — earning income above a certain threshold must file a federal tax return. They may also need to pay US taxes, including capital gains taxes, on their worldwide income.
The "36-month rule" for capital gains tax (CGT) primarily refers to the UK's Principal Private Residence (PPR) Relief, where the final 36 months (or 9 months for most) of a property's ownership period are tax-exempt, even if not lived in, provided it was a main home at some point. In the US, the relevant rule for home sales is the "2-out-of-5-year rule" for the Section 121 exclusion, allowing up to $250k/$500k profit tax-free if owned and used as a main home for 2 of the 5 years before sale, with exceptions for unforeseen circumstances.
The "6-year rule" for Capital Gains Tax (CGT) in Australia allows you to treat a former main residence as tax-exempt for up to six years after you move out, even if you rent it out, enabling you to avoid CGT on any growth during that period. You qualify by moving out, choosing to treat it as your main home for tax, and can reset the rule by moving back in. If you rent it out for longer than six years, only the portion of the gain after the six-year mark becomes taxable.
On a $100,000 capital gain, you'll likely pay 15% for long-term gains, resulting in about $15,000 in federal tax (plus potential state tax), but it could be 0% or 20% depending on your total taxable income and filing status, while short-term gains are taxed as ordinary income (potentially 22-24%).
To qualify for the capital gains tax exemption on a home sale, you generally must have owned and lived in the home as your primary residence for at least two of the past five years—and not used the exemption on another home in the last two years.
You can avoid or minimize capital gains tax by holding assets over a year for lower long-term rates, using tax-advantaged accounts (like Roth IRAs/401(k)s), donating appreciated assets to charity, using tax-loss harvesting to offset gains, or leveraging primary residence exclusions for your home, but completely avoiding tax often involves specific strategies like Qualified Opportunity Zones or 1031 exchanges for real estate.
Whether you are moving abroad to study, travel, put up a business, or work, one of the many things you should not forget to do is to inform the IRS. Not many people know this but U.S. citizens or resident aliens residing overseas are still obliged to file their U.S. income taxes.
Canadians travelling extensively, living or working abroad may still have to pay Canadian and provincial or territorial income taxes.
Generally, you do not need to tell HMRC if you are leaving the UK for a short period, such as for a holiday or brief business trip. However, if you are leaving the UK to live overseas, at the very least you should advise HMRC of your new residential address (and correspondence address, if different).
This means that your income, regardless of its origin, remains taxable. It's important to note that double tax agreement treaties may come into play here, and exceptions can arise, particularly if you become a tax resident of another country.
Strategies to Reduce CGT on Foreign Property
If you've been non-UK tax resident for at least five full tax years, you won't owe UK CGT on foreign property sales. However, if you return to the UK within five years, any gains made while abroad may become taxable.
A common way to defer or reduce your capital gains taxes is to use tax-advantaged accounts. Retirement accounts such as 401(k) plans, and individual retirement accounts offer tax-deferred investment. You don't pay income or capital gains taxes on assets while they remain in the account.
The "6-year rule" for Capital Gains Tax (CGT) in Australia allows you to treat a former main residence as tax-exempt for up to six years after you move out, even if you rent it out, enabling you to avoid CGT on any growth during that period. You qualify by moving out, choosing to treat it as your main home for tax, and can reset the rule by moving back in. If you rent it out for longer than six years, only the portion of the gain after the six-year mark becomes taxable.
On a $100,000 capital gain, you'll likely pay 15% for long-term gains, resulting in about $15,000 in federal tax (plus potential state tax), but it could be 0% or 20% depending on your total taxable income and filing status, while short-term gains are taxed as ordinary income (potentially 22-24%).
One of the simplest yet most expensive mistakes is misunderstanding the difference between short-term and long-term capital gains taxes. Short-term gains — profits from assets held less than a year — are subject to typical income tax rates, which can reach 37% for high earners.
Capital gains tax rates
A capital gains rate of 0% applies if your taxable income is less than or equal to: $48,350 for single and married filing separately; $96,700 for married filing jointly and qualifying surviving spouse; and. $64,750 for head of household.
Top 5% The threshold amount for those who are in the top 5% is $162,210 annually. Those who fall into the top 5% category are also part of the upper middle class. They earn slightly more than the top 10%, who aren't that much above the average Canadian.