What happens when you take a hardship withdrawal from your 401k?

Asked by: Dr. Walton Veum II  |  Last update: February 22, 2026
Score: 4.6/5 (22 votes)

The amount of the hardship distribution will permanently reduce the amount you'll have in the plan at retirement. You must pay income tax on any previously untaxed money you receive as a hardship distribution.

Can you get in trouble for taking a hardship withdrawal from 401k?

A 401(k) hardship withdrawal is a penalty-free way to withdraw funds from your 401(k) before age 59½ in the event of "immediate and heavy financial need," as stated by the IRS.

What is the disadvantage of taking a hardship withdrawal?

In addition, they may be subject to an additional tax on early distributions of elective contributions. Unlike loans, hardship distributions are not repaid to the plan. Thus, a hardship distribution permanently reduces the employee's account balance under the plan.

Do you have to show proof for hardship withdrawal?

You do not have to prove hardship to take a withdrawal from your 401(k). That is, you are not required to provide your employer with documentation attesting to your hardship.

How much tax do I pay on my 401k hardship withdrawal?

401(k) Hardship Withdrawals vs.

While you won't have to pay the money back when you take a hardship withdrawal, the aforementioned 10% IRS tax penalty will apply. Remember that this is in addition to your standard income tax rate, meaning the IRS will hit you hard come tax time.

401k Hardship Withdrawals [What You Need To Know]

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How do I avoid 20% tax on my 401k withdrawal?

Deferring Social Security payments, rolling over old 401(k)s, setting up IRAs to avoid the mandatory 20% federal income tax, and keeping your capital gains taxes low are among the best strategies for reducing taxes on your 401(k) withdrawal.

How does a 401k hardship withdrawal work?

A hardship distribution is a withdrawal from a participant's elective deferral account made because of an immediate and heavy financial need, and limited to the amount necessary to satisfy that financial need. The money is taxed to the participant and is not paid back to the borrower's account.

What documents are needed to prove hardship?

Please submit copies of: most recent tax statements, (IRS Form 1040, 1040E, 1040A); two most recent pay stubs for each adult member of the household; two most recent retirement/pension stubs; Supplemental Security Income or Social Security Disability Insurance award letter.

Can you do a hardship withdrawal to pay off debt?

Using the loan to pay off credit card debt may not meet the hardship criteria set by some plan administrators, as hardship withdrawals are generally restricted to specific circumstances defined by the IRS, including: Medical expenses. Costs related to purchasing a primary residence. Tuition and educational fees.

How many hardship withdrawals are allowed in a year in Vanguard?

Only one withdrawal from your super can be made in any 12-month period on the grounds of financial hardship. You should note that reducing your super account balance may impact any insurance cover you have with Vanguard Super. You can find out more about your insurance at www. vanguard.

What qualifies as financial hardship?

The IRS may agree that you have a financial hardship (economic hardship) if you can show that you cannot pay or can barely pay your basic living expenses. For the IRS to determine you are in a hardship situation, the IRS will use its collection financial standards to determine allowable basic living expenses.

What is the excuse for withdrawing money?

“Typically, the biggest reasons people withdraw their savings are to cover a bill, to make a purchase, home repairs, for vacations or for birthdays and holidays such as Christmas,” said Arielle Torres, an assistant branch manager at Addition Financial Credit Union. These are all sound reasons to withdraw the funds.

Do hardship withdrawals get denied?

However, if the employer knows you can access another source of funds, it may deny your request. Other times, the employer may verify your hardship and the necessity of the withdrawal through specific documentation, such as: Foreclosure notices. Funeral home invoices.

Can my employer deny my 401k hardship withdrawal?

Your employer plays a role in administering 401(k) plans and may need to approve withdrawals in certain situations, such as in-service withdrawals or hardship distributions.

How much tax will I pay if I withdraw my 401k?

But, no, you don't pay income tax twice on 401(k) withdrawals. With the 20% withholding on your distribution, you're essentially paying part of your taxes upfront. Depending on your tax situation, the amount withheld might not be enough to cover your full tax liability.

How long does it take for a hardship withdrawal to be approved?

Once you submit your hardship withdrawal application, it will be reviewed. Generally this takes less than a day. However, if there are any questions about your application, additional review time may be needed. Typically, this further review takes 5-7 business days.

What proof do you need for a hardship withdrawal?

What Proof Do You Need for a Hardship Withdrawal? You must provide adequate documentation as proof of your hardship withdrawal. 2 Depending on the circumstance, this can include invoices from a funeral home or university, insurance or hospital bills, bank statements, and escrow payments.

Do you pay back hardship loans?

Unless it's a forgivable loan or grant, you'll still need to pay it back. Some types of hardship loans come with higher interest rates. You may not qualify if you don't meet credit requirements.

Is a hardship withdrawal a bad idea?

However, you should know these consequences before taking a hardship distribution: The amount of the hardship distribution will permanently reduce the amount you'll have in the plan at retirement. You must pay income tax on any previously untaxed money you receive as a hardship distribution.

Does the IRS verify hardship withdrawal?

IRS doesn't audit individuals for 401(k) hardship withdrawals, AS LONG AS the employer sponsor of the plan and it's administrator (your employer and Fidelity) have approved it. The entity that will be audited is the plan/sponsor/ administrator.

What are conditions of hardship?

The decision maker only considers you to be in hardship if: You cannot meet your immediate and most basic essential needs or those of a child you are responsible for. For example: accommodation, heating, food and hygiene.

What is considered a hardship reason?

In general, you may be considered to have an immediate financial need for any of the following reasons: Medical expenses. Purchase of a principal residence. Expenses for certain repairs due to damage to your home. Post-secondary education costs.

Can I take a hardship withdrawal from my 401k to pay bills?

In some cases, you might be able to withdraw funds from a 401(k) to pay off debt without incurring extra fees. This is true if you qualify as having an immediate and heavy financial need, and meet IRS criteria. In those circumstances, you could take a hardship withdrawal.

What is proof of hardship?

Acceptable Documentation

Lost Employment. • Unemployment Compensation Statement. (Note: this satisfies the proof of income requirement as well.) • Termination/Furlough letter from Employer. • Pay stub from previous employer with.

What reasons can you withdraw from a 401k without penalty?

Here are the ways to take penalty-free withdrawals from your IRA or 401(k)
  • Unreimbursed medical bills. ...
  • Disability. ...
  • Health insurance premiums. ...
  • Death. ...
  • If you owe the IRS. ...
  • First-time homebuyers. ...
  • Higher education expenses. ...
  • For income purposes.