What if a shareholder refuses to sell shares?

Asked by: Dr. Ari Crona MD  |  Last update: September 13, 2025
Score: 4.1/5 (44 votes)

Despite having the right to compel a shareholder to sell or transfer their shares, they may still refuse to cooperate. In such a situation, you can utilise the power of attorney. This should be granted to you in your company's shareholders agreement or ESOP rules (if any).

Can I force a shareholder to sell their shares?

Majority shareholders can compel minority shareholders to sell through shareholder buyouts. It's possible through a buy-sell agreement, cross-option agreement, share buyback, or other valid contract. These provisions trigger in certain circumstances, such as when a shareholder dies, files for bankruptcy or divorces.

Can you force an investor to sell their shares?

No specific statutory provision under the model articles can force shareholders to sell their company shares. However, certain circumstances may result in the removal of the shareholder. Forcing a shareholder out of the company can be tricky, but you can achieve this in several ways.

How do I force a shareholder to remove?

Where share transfer negotiations fail, there are several potential options available for forcing the sale or removing a shareholder from a company entirely.
  1. Existing provisions in the articles or shareholders' agreement. ...
  2. Alter the articles of association. ...
  3. Reduce dividend payments. ...
  4. Wind up the company.

Can a company force buy back shares?

A company may repurchase its shares from the open market or directly from the shareholders. A corporation buys shares from individual shareholders by allowing them to offer their shares to the corporation at a fixed price. A shareholder may also force the company to buy back its shares in certain circumstances.

Can a majority of shareholders force the minority shareholders to sell their shares?

33 related questions found

What happens if a shareholder refuses to sell?

If your shareholder refuses to sell despite having the right, your company can use a power of attorney. Directors can enforce a sale, following specific powers outlined in the shareholders agreement or ESOP rules.

What is the 5 year rule for share buy back?

If the shareholder is not an employee or director but has held the shares for at least 5 years the profit the shareholder makes is taxed as capital at the rate of 18% for basic rate tax payers to 24% for higher and additional rate tax CGT. In other cases the profit made by the shareholder is taxed as a dividend.

On what grounds can you remove a shareholder?

Misconduct: Shareholders can be removed for engaging in fraudulent activities, misusing company assets, or harming the company's reputation. Failure to meet obligations: Not meeting financial obligations, such as non-payment for shares issued and failure to meet cash calls can be grounds for removal.

What happens if a shareholder wants to leave the company?

The exiting shareholder must notify the board of directors, and any other shareholders, about their departure. When doing this, they will also need to state why they are leaving. During this meeting, they will also need to say what they plan to do in the future.

How do I remove a hostile shareholder?

Potential options available in removing a shareholder
  1. 1) Review and check the articles of association of the company and any Shareholders' agreement. ...
  2. 2) Alter the articles of association. ...
  3. 3) Do not pay dividends. ...
  4. 4) Negotiation. ...
  5. 5) Wind up the Company.

Can you refuse to sell shares?

A Shareholder cannot generally be forced to sell shares in a company unless you have either agreed to a process resulting in that outcome, or the court orders that outcome.

Can a company refuse to sell shares to someone?

Can my corporation restrict the shareholders' right to sell their shares to whomever they please? Shareholders in corporations generally have the right to transfer their shares to whomever they please.

Can a shareholder give up his shares?

Whatever the reason is for their removal, the shares they held must be dealt with and cannot be left un-allocated. When the shares are given up by the shareholder, they will need to be transferred to someone else; this can be done through sale or through gifting.

Do shareholders need approval to sell shares?

Stockholders also need to approve any issuance of new shares or other securities. This means that if your startup wants to sell additional shares, stockholders must first approve the decision. This is important because any new shares will dilute the ownership percentage of existing stockholders.

How to exit a shareholder?

Some of the most commonly used exit mechanism for shareholders of companies include initial public offerings, mergers and acquisitions, and management buyouts. IPO is a process by which the shares of a privately owned company are listed on a stock exchange and made available for purchase to the general public.

Can I refuse to sell my shares when a company goes private?

The Bottom Line. It isn't uncommon for publicly traded companies to go private. But you should know what your rights are as a shareholder. You have the right to accept or reject the offer—as long as you know what the consequences are.

How to force a shareholder to sell?

By Lucy Slatter. A shareholder cannot typically force another shareholder to sell their shares unless there is a contractual obligation entitling them to do so. For example, if there is a provision enabling such a sale in the company's Articles of Association, Shareholder Agreement or another valid contract.

Can you be fired if you own 51% of a company?

According to FindLaw, if the majority partner is not fulfilling his duties according to the agreement, you can file a lawsuit seeking to remove the majority partner from the business. Some common reasons to file a lawsuit against a partner include a breach of contract, breach of fiduciary duty and conflict of interest.

What happens if a shareholder pulls out?

If the shareholder agreement contains a buyout clause, exiting officers may be entitled to sell off their shares to the other shareholders. Every shareholder agreement should contain a plan in case of a shareholder's departure. This will help to prevent misunderstandings and avoid litigation.

How to get rid of an unwanted shareholder?

HOW TO REMOVE AN UNWANTED SHAREHOLDER
  1. REVIEW AND CHECK THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION AND SHAREHOLDERS' AGREEMENT. ...
  2. ALTER THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION. ...
  3. DO NOT PAY DIVIDENDS. ...
  4. NEGOTIATION. ...
  5. WIND UP THE COMPANY.

Can a 51% owner fire a 49% owner?

No owner can be fired or demoted without good cause. Outlining the responsibilities of both parties. The majority can't sell the business unless it's to the minority shareholder.

What are shareholders not allowed to do?

While some shareholders have voting rights, allowing them to make some company decisions, such as electing board members, they are now allowed to participate in every facet of a company. Shareholders are not allowed to participate in the day-to-day management of a company.

Can a company be forced to buy back shares?

It can be a simple agreement providing for the company to purchase the relevant shares or, alternatively, it could be a contract under which the company may become entitled or obliged to purchase the shares in the future, subject to certain conditions.

What is the 30 day rule for selling shares?

If your employee disposes of their ESS interest (or the share acquired on exercise of the right) within 30 days after the deferred taxing point, the deferred taxing point becomes the date of that disposal – this is called the 30-day rule.

What is the 50 rule in stocks?

The fifty percent principle is a rule of thumb that anticipates the size of a technical correction. The fifty percent principle states that when a stock or other asset begins to fall after a period of rapid gains, it will lose at least 50% of its most recent gains before the price begins advancing again.