A certificate of deposit (CD) is a type of savings account that pays a fixed interest rate on money held for an agreed-upon period of time. The best CD rates are usually higher than savings accounts, but you lose withdrawal flexibility. If you withdraw your CD funds early, you'll be charged a penalty.
A $1,000 CD deposit makes $50 of interest in a year if the account pays 5% APY. The CD's total balance would be $1,050 at maturity.
The cons of CDs
With CDs, you typically can't withdraw the money whenever you want—at least not without paying a penalty. Another disadvantage is that CD interest rates can sometimes struggle to keep up with inflation. When inflation rises, the value of your dollar goes down.
How much interest would you make on a $5,000 CD? We estimate that a $5,000 CD deposit can make roughly $25 to $275 in interest after one year. In comparison, a $10,000 CD deposit makes around $50 to $550 in interest after a year, depending on the bank.
Interest earned on CDs is considered taxable income by the IRS , regardless of whether the money is received in cash or reinvested. Interest earned on CDs with terms longer than one year must be reported and taxed every year, even if the CD cannot be cashed in until maturity.
From mid-2023 to September 2024, many banks offered attractive certificate of deposit (CD) rates of around 5%. But now that the Federal Reserve has been cutting rates, CD yields are dropping too. Despite lower rates, CDs remain a solid option for growing your savings.
CDs are one option that can help protect your investment from times of turmoil by providing stable income. The returns gained from these investments usually won't be as high as those provided by stocks but they can serve as a cushion to balance your portfolio and keep it afloat when the market is down in the dumps.
Key Takeaways
CDs insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. (FDIC) for up to $250,000 cannot lose money even if the bank fails. However, some CDs that are not FDIC-insured may carry greater risk, and risks may come from rising inflation or interest rates.
How much interest would you earn? If you put $20,000 into a 5-year CD with an interest rate of 4.60%, you'd end the 5-year CD term with $5,043.12 in interest, for a total balance of $25,043.12.
With a $10,000 deposit, you'll earn around $230 with a 6-month CD and around $1,330 with a 3-year option. That's approximately $1,100 more earned simply by leaving your funds untouched for an additional 30 months. So, if you can afford to do so, a long-term CD is the better way to earn a bigger return now.
There's always a catch. If you cash out your CD before it matures, you'll face a penalty—and it could cost you months or even years of interest that's been building up in your account.
Cashing out a CD usually takes one business day after the maturity date. If you need to withdraw funds before maturity, it may take longer and could involve penalties. Always check with your bank for specific timelines and rules.
If you put $500 in a CD for five years, how much would you make? This depends on the CD rate. A five-year CD at a competitive online bank could have a rate of 4.00% APY, which would earn around $108 in interest in five years. A five-year CD with a 1% rate would earn about $26.
Deposits at FDIC-insured banks are covered up to $250,000 per person per account ownership type. For example, a $250,000 certificate of deposit in a single-owner account would be fully insured in the event of a bank failure or liquidation.
You can earn hundreds of dollars or more
If you open a 2-year CD with a rate of 4.20%, for example, you'll earn approximately $483 on your $5,000 deposit. If you keep the money in longer, you'll make even more. A $5,000 5-year CD at 4.35% will leave you with a profit of around $1,187.
Bandhan Bank is a leader among private banks, offering 8.05% interest for 1-year fixed deposits. RBL Bank offers 8.00% on FDs with a tenure of 500 days, ensuring that medium-term investors also get good returns.
You may choose one beneficiary for the whole CD amount or multiple beneficiaries and determine percentages. For instance, you could name three people to inherit a CD, each inheriting a 33% share of the balance. Beneficiaries can be family members or even organizations you want to support.
Roth Individual Retirement Account (IRA) or Roth 401(k): Interest earned in a Roth account is not taxed until it is withdrawn. And, if you are older than age 59 ½, you will owe no income taxes at all on the interest. However, early withdrawals before age 59 ½ incur a 10% penalty in addition to any income tax due.
It's possible to roll 401(k) money into a CD without paying tax penalties but there are some guidelines for doing so. First, you'll need to make sure you're using the right type of CD. Specifically, that means an IRA CD. An IRA CD is a CD account that's funded through an IRA and enjoys its tax benefits.