What is the 3 2-1 buydown rule?

Asked by: Alexandra Schuster  |  Last update: March 5, 2025
Score: 4.6/5 (21 votes)

Key Takeaways. With a 3-2-1 buydown mortgage, the borrower pays a lower than normal interest rate over the first three years of the loan. The loan interest rate is reduced by 3% in the first year, 2% in the second year, and 1% in the third year; for example, a 5% mortgage would be just 2% in year one.

What are the cons of a buydown?

Disadvantages of Buydown
  • Higher Upfront Costs: One of the main drawbacks of buydowns is the additional upfront costs involved. ...
  • Potential Negative Equity: In some cases, a buydown can result in negative equity, especially if the property's value does not appreciate as anticipated.

Can you refinance after a 3/2/1 buydown?

Yes, you can refinance during the buydown period, as long as you would qualify under other circumstances. This can be a good option if rates have fluctuated dramatically during that introductory period, but it may not be worth the hassle if there is only a slight reduction in mortgage rates.

What is the maximum you can buy down interest rate?

How far down can you buy your rate? Borrowers can typically choose buydown plans with rates up to 3% lower than current mortgage rates. For example, if market rates are 6%, a 2-1 buydown would allow you to make payments with an initial 4% rate for the first year.

Why would a seller offer a buydown?

Key Takeaways. Homebuilders and sellers may offer mortgage rate buydowns as an incentive to attract buyers to their listing.

3-2-1 mortgage buy-down PROS and CONS

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Who pays the buydown fee?

A borrower may purchase points, which lower the interest rate by a certain percentage. In other cases, the lender or seller will pay for a temporary buydown to help close the deal.

How does a seller pay for a 2:1 buydown?

Either a homebuyer or a home seller can pay for a buydown. That payment may be in the form of mortgage points or a lump sum deposited in an escrow account with the lender and used to subsidize the borrower's reduced monthly payments.

How much does it cost to buy down 1% interest rate?

One Point = 1% of Your Loan: So, if you're borrowing $200,000, one point would cost you $2,000. Lower Rate = Less Interest: Each point you buy typically lowers your interest rate by about 0.25%, although this can vary depending on the lender and the type of loan.

How much is 3 points on a mortgage?

Consider the following example for a 30-year loan: On a $100,000 mortgage with an interest rate of 3%, your monthly payment for principal and interest would be $421 per month. If you purchase three discount points, your interest rate might be 2.25%, which puts your monthly payment at $382 per month.

What is the highest interest rate you can legally charge?

There's no federal regulation on the maximum interest rate that your issuer can charge you, though each state has its own approach to limiting interest rates.

Is a 3:2:1 buydown worth it?

While those three years of smaller payments with a 3-2-1 buydown look pretty nice, don't forget that you're paying for them in advance. Again, it's just like a $20 discount you paid $20 to earn. And if you do go down that road, you'll be missing out on saving thousands in the long run.

What happens to unused buydown funds?

And here is even better news: The money for the temporary buydown goes into an escrow account and is applied to your loan every month during the buydown period. If you refinance or sell during that period, the unused portion gets applied to your home loan, reducing the balance of your loan.

What is an example of a 3 2 1 buydown?

For example, a 3-2-1 buydown Conventional 30 year fixed rate loan with a purchase price of $572,000, down payment of 20%, and an annual percentage rate of 7.178% would result in an interest rate of 4.125% (monthly payment of $2,772.20) for the first year, 5.125% (monthly payment of $3,114.47) for the second year, 6.125 ...

Is it better to put more money down or buy down interest rate?

If you're buying a home and have some extra cash to add to your down payment, you could consider buying down the rate. This would lower your payments going forward.

How long does a buydown last?

Common buydowns.

1-0 Buydown - The lower interest rate lasts 1 year into the loan, after which the interest goes back to the regular contract rate. 2-1 Buydown - The lower interest rate lasts 2 years into the loan, but the discount changes.

How much is 2 points on a $50,000 loan?

The borrower is required to pay 2 points on a $50,000 loan. A point is a fee equal to 1% of the loan amount. Therefore, 2 points on a $50,000 loan would be 2% of $50,000. Therefore, the borrower has to pay the lender $1,000 in points.

What does 2 points on a $100,000 house loan equal 2000?

An amount paid to the lender, typically at closing, in order to lower the interest rate. Also known as “mortgage points” or “discount points.” One point equals 1% of the loan amount (for example, 2 points on a $100,000 mortgage would equal $2,000).

How to calculate buy down interest rate?

The buydown interest percentage is the total of the interest for both years. That is, the buydown is 2% in the first year and 1% in the second year, for a total of 3%. The formula for calculating buydown points is: buydown points = (loan amount x percentage) / 100.

How much is 2 points on a mortgage?

Each point is equal to 1 percent of the loan amount, for instance 2 points on a $100,000 loan would cost $2000.

Can you refinance a 2:1 buydown?

One common question borrowers have is, “Can you refinance after a 2-1 buydown?” The answer is yes; refinancing is possible and can be a beneficial option for many borrowers.

How to get a 3% mortgage rate?

Google search results for the term "assumable mortgage" spiked in May, following a steady upward trend starting in 2022. Mortgage assumptions allow buyers to take over an existing mortgage at its current rate, possibly securing mortgage rates as low as 2% or 3% depending on when the original mortgage was taken out.

Why would a seller do a buydown?

How does a seller-paid rate buydown benefit the seller? Raised interest rates can cause price reductions on a seller's home. A buydown is one way sellers can avoid this. It might be cheaper for them to help pay for mortgage or discount points instead of cutting the asking price of their home.

How many points can you buy down on a mortgage?

Your lender will calculate the cost of any points you purchased and add them to your other closing costs. Generally, buying four mortgage points will lower your interest rate by 1 percent. That's also the maximum number of points most lenders will let you purchase.

What is FHA buydown?

With FHA 2-1 BUYDOWN, you can enjoy lower interest and mortgage rates. You will also have the option of buying down your interest rate for the first two years of homeownership. This means that you will get a rate that is two percentage points lower for the first year and one percentage point lower for the second year.