Saving between 10% and 20% of your gross salary toward retirement is a general rule of thumb to follow, but everyone's situation is different.
Key takeaways
Aim to save at least 15% of your pretax income each year for retirement (including employer contributions). This can be in a 401(k) or another retirement account. Contributing early can help you get the most out of your 401(K).
For a typical 401(k) plan, the expense ratio should be no higher than 2% and more likely in the 1.0% to 1.5% range. The lower the expense ratio the better, with higher fees eating into profits.
If you have $400,000 in the bank you can retire early at age 62, but it will be tight. The good news is that if you can keep working for just five more years, you are on track for a potentially quite comfortable retirement by full retirement age.
Just 16% of retirees say they have more than $1 million saved, including all personal savings and assets, according to the recent CNBC Your Money retirement survey conducted with SurveyMonkey. In fact, among those currently saving for retirement, 57% say the amount they're hoping to save is less than $1 million.
401(k) Portfolio Allocations by Risk Profile
An aggressive allocation: 90% stocks, 10% bonds. A moderately aggressive allocation: 70% stocks, 30% bonds. A balanced allocation: 50% stocks, 50% bonds. A conservative allocation: 30% stocks, 70% bonds.
How Can I Avoid 401(k) Fees? 401(k) fees are charged by both the plan provider and the funds within the plan and therefore can't be entirely avoided. Plan provider fees are static, but investors can avoid higher fees by picking funds within the plan that have the lowest expense ratios.
Typically, any expense ratio higher than 1 percent is high and should be avoided. Over an investing career, a low expense ratio could easily save you tens of thousands of dollars, if not more. And that's real money for you and your retirement.
In this case, a good rule of thumb that still has a profound positive impact on your retirement savings is to contribute just enough to receive the full employer match. So if your employer will match up to 7% of your contributions, only contribute 7% so you can take full advantage of that extra money.
Your Retirement Savings If You Save $100 a Month in a 401(k)
If you're age 25 and have 40 years to save until retirement, depositing $100 a month into a savings account earning the current average U.S. interest rate of 0.42% APY would get you to just $52,367 in retirement savings — not great.
Unlike a traditional IRA or a traditional 401(k), the Roth IRA is one of the few tax-advantaged accounts that allows you to withdraw the money you've contributed at any time for any reason without paying taxes or penalties.
One of those tools is known as the Rule 72. For example, let's say you have saved $50,000 and your 401(k) holdings historically has a rate of return of 8%. 72 divided by 8 equals 9 years until your investment is estimated to double to $100,000.
Aim for 15%
According to Fidelity, investors should aim to save 15% of their pre-tax income annually, including any match. 1 A common rule of thumb is to set aside at least 10% of your gross earnings.
There are guidelines to help you set one if you're looking for a single number to be your retirement nest egg goal. Some advisors recommend saving 12 times your annual salary. 12 A 66-year-old $100,000-per-year earner would need $1.2 million at retirement under this rule.
Diversify Your Portfolio
Having a diversified 401(k) of mutual funds or exchange-traded funds (ETFs) that invest in stocks, bonds and even cash can help protect your retirement savings in the event of an economic downturn.
Rebalance in tax-advantaged accounts
Because rebalancing can involve selling assets, it often results in a tax burden—but only if it's done within a taxable account. Selling these assets within a tax-advantaged account instead won't have any tax impact.
When 401(k) administration fees are paid from plan assets, they are not tax-deductible. However, when a business pays them – they reduce the owner's taxes. When a 401(k) plan is new, these fees may even qualify for a 50% tax credit – up to $5,500 for each of the first 3 years of your plan.
Provider 1: Fidelity Investments
Fidelity Investments is a well-known name in the financial industry. Fidelity offers a Solo 401(k) plan with no account fees and access to a broad range of investments. However, you may face high trading fees and commissions, depending on how you invest.
There's no magic number that indicates a 401(k) expense ratio is too high or just right, and all plans are different. But if you take into account the cost of your investments in addition to the plan itself, you shouldn't be paying much more than about 1.0% to 1.50%, all in.
A popular rule of thumb is the "100 minus age" rule, which suggests subtracting your age from 100 to determine the percentage of your portfolio that should be in stocks, with the remainder in bonds and safer assets. For example, a 30-year-old would invest 70% (100-30 = 70) in stocks and 30% in bonds.
By age 35, aim to save one to one-and-a-half times your current salary for retirement. By age 50, that goal is three-and-a-half to six times your salary. By age 60, your retirement savings goal may be six to 11-times your salary. Ranges increase with age to account for a wide variety of incomes and situations.
Your net worth is what you own minus what you owe. It's the total value of all your assets—including your house, cars, investments and cash—minus your liabilities (things like credit card debt, student loans, and what you still owe on your mortgage).
Rich retirees: In the 90th percentile, with net worth starting at $1.9 million, this group has much more financial freedom and is able to afford luxuries and legacy planning.