What is the difference between a trust and a discretionary trust?

Asked by: Garett Parisian  |  Last update: March 12, 2026
Score: 4.6/5 (49 votes)

In most cases, Trusts are set up with specific terms that instruct the Trustee to distribute funds to beneficiaries on a set schedule. The terms also usually set how much should be distributed. Discretionary Trusts are unique from other types of Trusts because there are no such terms.

What is the downside of a discretionary trust?

Not all potential beneficiaries are guaranteed to benefit, as trustees have discretion over who receives benefits and how much. This may lead to some intended beneficiaries missing out.

What's the difference between a trust and a discretionary trust?

The difference between a Bare Trust and a Discretionary Trust. Bare trusts are generally more tax-efficient than discretionary trusts but are rather rigid and inflexible. By contrast, discretionary trusts often involve additional tax costs, but provide greater flexibility.

Why would you set up a discretionary trust?

Discretionary trusts are sometimes set up to put assets aside for: a future need, like a grandchild who may need more financial help than other beneficiaries at some point in their life. beneficiaries who are not capable or responsible enough to deal with money themselves.

What is the main difference between a unit trust and a discretionary trust?

Unit trusts allocate shares of income and capital to unit holders based on their fixed proportional entitlement. So if you own 25% of the units, you're entitled to 25% of the distributions. Discretionary trusts are different. The trustee gets to decide how to distribute the income and capital among the beneficiaries.

Difference between a Discretionary Trust vs Family Trust

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Who owns the assets in a discretionary trust?

Trustees. The trustees are the legal owners of the assets held in a trust. Their role is to: deal with the assets according to the settlor's wishes, as set out in the trust deed or their will.

Can you withdraw money from a unit trust?

You can withdraw your investment from your unit trust fund at any time. Also known as a repurchase or redemption, this is when you sell some or all of the units that you own in a unit trust fund. The proceeds are then paid into your bank account.

What happens to a discretionary trust when the trustee dies?

Discretionary Trust assets do not form part of your Estate

Even if you are the personal trustee of your family trust, the trust will usually continue to have life after your death. The assets are not “your” personally owned assets that are part of your estate to be gifted via your Will.

What is the best trust to put your house in?

An irrevocable trust offers your assets the most protection from creditors and lawsuits. Assets in an irrevocable trust aren't considered personal property. This means they're not included when the IRS values your estate to determine if taxes are owed.

How much money can I put in a discretionary trust?

This £325,000 limit is known as the nil rate band [4]. Anything over this is usually subject to UK inheritance tax at 40%. These rules don't differ for when using a discretionary trust. An individual can transfer £325,000 (their nil rate band) into a trust without any immediate tax consequences.

What is the biggest mistake parents make when setting up a trust fund UK?

Parents often make the mistake of choosing a trustee based solely on personal relationships without considering their financial acumen, integrity, and willingness to serve. Choosing one of the children is not always the best choice as other beneficiaries may see their role with suspicion.

Can you take money out of a discretionary trust?

Beneficiaries of a discretionary trust are not entitled to receive anything as of right. Instead the beneficiaries have the potential to receive money and the right to ask the trustees to exercise their discretion in their favour.

Who controls a discretionary trust?

An entity controls the discretionary trust if the trustee either acts, or might reasonably be expected to act, in accordance with the directions or wishes of the entity/or the entity's affiliates, or both the entity and its affiliates.

What happens when a beneficiary of a discretionary trust dies?

The death of a beneficiary under the Discretionary Trust is very unlikely to have any Inheritance Tax consequences for the trust. A reduced rate of Inheritance Tax from 40% to 36% may apply where 10% or more of a deceased's net estate is left to charity.

Can creditors go after a discretionary trust?

Since the purpose of the trust is to provide support for the beneficiary, he cannot alienate his interest in the trust. Thus, the beneficiary's creditors cannot attach the funds in the trust.

Is a discretionary trust worth it?

Despite its few drawbacks, a discretionary trust is an effective estate planning tool. When drafted carefully, it helps to reduce family conflicts and avoid mismanagement of assets. Since family needs change with time, a discretionary trust allows you to modify trust provisions and beneficiaries.

Is it better to gift a house or put it in a trust?

Parents and other family members who want to pass on assets during their lifetimes may be tempted to gift the assets. Although setting up an irrevocable trust lacks the simplicity of giving a gift, it may be a better way to preserve assets for the future.

Can a nursing home take your house if it is in a trust?

Once your home is in the trust, it's no longer considered part of your personal assets, thereby protecting it from being used to pay for nursing home care. However, this must be done in compliance with Medicaid's look-back period, typically 5 years before applying for Medicaid benefits.

Which trust is best to avoid inheritance tax?

Once you put something in an irrevocable trust it legally belongs to the trust, not to you. Assets in an irrevocable trust do not contribute to the overall value of your estate which, for a particularly large estate, can shield those assets from potential estate taxes.

Who has more right, a trustee or the beneficiary?

A trustee typically has the most control in running their trust. They are granted authority by their grantor to oversee and distribute assets according to terms set out in their trust document, while beneficiaries merely reap its benefits without overseeing its operations themselves.

How does a discretionary trust fail?

If a discretionary trust is set up during the settlor's lifetime, the assets within that trust may fall outside their own estate if they die at least seven years after putting the assets into the trust.

Do beneficiaries of a trust pay taxes?

When a portion of a beneficiary's distribution from a trust or the entirety of it originates from the trust's interest income, they generally will be required to pay income taxes on it, unless the trust has already paid the income tax.

Can I take all the money out of my trust?

Settlors, when creating a trust, generally designate themselves as the sole trustee and beneficiary for their lifetime; this allows them to exercise full control over the trust and its assets while they are alive and have capacity, as well as withdraw trust funds as they see fit.

Who owns the assets in a unit trust?

Unitholders are the owners of trust property and the trustee administers the trust. The trustee has a fiduciary duty to ensure that unit holders are treated equally. The fund manager is appointed by the trustee to manage the investment of the trust assets.

How long does a trust fund take to pay out?

If you've withdrawn money from your Child Trust Fund or Junior ISA, we'll process this the next working day. It can take up to five working days for this money to show in your account. If we're sending your money by cheque, this could take longer depending on the post.