Unlike assets that you own yourself, Trust assets are managed by the Trustee. For example, if you own your own home, then you are both the legal owner (you manage the home, you decide when to sell it or refinance it… when to put on a new roof) and the beneficial owner (you live there).
Generally speaking, once a trust becomes irrevocable, the trustee is entirely in control of the trust assets and the donor has no further rights to the assets and may not be a beneficiary or serve as a trustee.
What is a trustee? The trustee is the person (or people) who holds legal title to the property that is in the trust. The trustee's job is to manage the property in the trust for the benefit of the beneficiaries in the way the settlor has asked.
The trustee must act solely in the interest of the beneficiaries, avoiding conflicts of interest and self-dealing. Any breach of this duty can result in personal liability.
A trustee must abide by the trust document and the California Probate Code. They are prohibited from using trust assets for personal gain and must act in the best interest of the beneficiaries. Trust assets are meant for the benefit of the trust beneficiaries and not for the personal use of the trustee.
No, you cannot file suit against a trust. However, you can sue the trustee of the trust if you have reason to believe they've breached a fiduciary duty. A beneficiary who believes a trustee is mismanaging trust assets, failing to fulfill their legal duties, or embezzling from the trust can file suit against a trustee.
Under California Probate Law, a trustee generally has the authority to sell trust assets without obtaining approval from all beneficiaries. More importantly, it is recommended that trustees seek consensus and secure written agreements. This will help alleviate disputes or legal challenges.
As previously mentioned, trustees generally cannot withhold money from a beneficiary for no reason or indefinitely. Similarly, trustees cannot withdraw money from a trust to benefit themselves, even if the trustee is also a beneficiary.
Depending on the complexity of the case, it may cost anywhere from a few thousand dollars to $100,000 or more to dispute the terms of a trust.
Yes, a trustee can override a beneficiary if the beneficiary requests something that is not permitted under the law or by the terms of the trust. Under California Probate Code §16000, trustees must administer the trust according to the terms of the trust instrument.
Being a trustee is also a role that can be quite time consuming, more so than most people assume. Depending on the nature of the estate, being a trustee can require quite a few hours, which can be hard to come by if the trustee also has a full-time job, a family, and/or other obligations.
The trustee manages the trust and distributes its assets at a prescribed time. The trustee is in charge of managing the assets in an irrevocable trust while the grantor is still alive.
An executor does not possess the power to overrule or change the terms established by a trust; these roles carry separate responsibilities. An executor's role consists of overseeing and closing an estate as per its will's instructions without disrupting or interfering with their independent functions as trustee.
A trustee is a third party who is authorized by a settlor to execute and manage trust assets . A trustee holds the title of the trust asset.
Being nominated as a Successor Trustee is not a binding contract. It's an invitation and request to step into an important role, but only if you choose to accept it. Even if you are named as a Successor Trustee without your knowledge, you can always refuse the role after the fact.
Ultimately, trustees can only withdraw money from a trust account for specific expenses within certain limitations. Their duties require them to comply with the grantor's wishes. If they breach their fiduciary duties, they will be removed as the trustee and face a surcharge for compensatory damages.
The Timeline for Challenging a California Trust
Once a beneficiary or heir receives this notice, they have only 120 days to contest the trust. If they wait more than 120 days, their challenge will be dismissed without consideration, and they will be forever barred from attempting another contest.
Selecting the wrong trustee is easily the biggest blunder parents can make when setting up a trust fund. As estate planning attorneys, we've seen first-hand how this critical error undermines so many parents' good intentions.
Trustees hold legal powers such as managing assets, making investment decisions, distributing funds to beneficiaries, and ensuring compliance with trust terms and laws.
Legally, that means the trust, rather than you, owns the home. However, you can be the trustee of the property and have significant control over it and what happens to it after you die. Buying a home in a trust can have tax and other advantages, but it's more complicated than buying one in the conventional way.
It is not unusual for the successor trustee of a trust to also be a beneficiary of the same trust. This is because settlors often name trusted family members or friends to both manage their trust and inherit from it.
In essence, while both roles are powerful within their domains, trustees often have more enduring and autonomous control over the assets they manage.
Under California law, embezzling trust funds or property valued at $950 or less is a misdemeanor offense and is punishable by up to 6 months in county jail. If a trustee embezzles more than $950 from the trust, they can be charged with felony embezzlement, which carries a sentence of up to 3 years in jail.
The answer would be the decedent's heirs, who may consist of their surviving spouse, children, grandchildren, parents, siblings, and nieces and nephews, among others. To put it simply, even when there is no will, the administrator does not have the authority to decide who gets what.