Wealthy family buys stocks, bonds, real estate, art, or other high-value assets. It strategically holds on to these assets and allows them to grow in value. The family won't owe income tax on the growth in the assets' value unless it sells them and makes a profit.
Most of the government's federal income tax revenue comes from the nation's top income earners. In 2021, the top 5% of earners — people with incomes $252,840 and above — collectively paid over $1.4 trillion in income taxes, or about 66% of the national total.
Tax rules treat salary, wages and similar sources as ordinary income subject to several taxes. To start with, you'll owe federal income tax. For example, if you're single and earn $1 million in taxable income, you'll fall into the highest tax bracket, which is currently 37%.
Key takeaways
If you're earning $200,000 per year, you've reached elite status in this country. That's more than double the median income of American households, which per the latest U.S. Census data is $80,610.
According to the latest IRS data, the top 1% of earners paid 40.4% of all federal income taxes in 2022. This underscores the extent to which the burden of the income tax system falls on taxpayers from the highest income groups.
In the United States as a whole, you'd need to earn nearly $788,000 to be in the top 1% of earners, SmartAsset reports. To crack the top 5%, you'd have to take in at least $290,000. The figures are estimates, drawn from IRS data for individual filers in 2021 and adjusted to 2024 dollars.
The income tax rates range between 0 and 42.74%. What is the maximum income tax* rate in India? The highest marginal income tax rate in India is 42.744%.
In fact, many wealthy people can and do "live off the interest." That is, they put a chunk of their fortune in a relatively safe collection of income-generating assets and live off of that—allowing them to be more adventurous with the rest.
Overall: Some years billionaires pay no federal income taxes: Jeff Bezos paid zero in 2007 and 2011, Elon Musk paid zero in 2018, Michael Bloomberg paid zero several times in “recent years”, and George Soros paid zero three years in a row.
The report concluded the rich were less likely to donate in settings with high economic inequality because they were concerned about losing their “privileged position.” A separate study published in Nature Aging found people living in poorer countries are more willing to donate to a hypothetical charity than those in ...
Others will object to taxing the wealthy unless they actually use their gains, but many of the wealthiest actually do use their gains through the borrowing loophole: They get rich, borrow against those gains, consume the borrowing, and do not pay any tax.
Adjusted gross income needed to be in the top 1%
The national figure is $797,760.07. D.C. Americans need to make nearly $800,000 to be in the top 1% of households nationally — but the bar varies considerably by state.
The top 10 percent of income earners pay more than 60 percent of all federal taxes and 76 percent of income taxes, shares that have been increasing over time. The US Treasury's Office of Tax Analysis estimates average federal tax rates, accounting for income, payroll, corporate, and other taxes.
According to GoBankingRates, also using 2021 data but adjusting it for inflation, qualifying for the top 1% now requires an AGI of over $1 million in five states (California, Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and Washington), with Connecticut having the highest threshold, of $1,192,947.
Investment income is the profit earned from investments, such as real estate and stock sales. Dividends from bonds also are investment income. Investment income is taxed at a different rate than earned income.
While there's no definitive line, households in the top 20% of earners are generally considered upper class. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the median household income in 2022 was $74,580. To reach the upper class in 2024, you'd typically need an income exceeding $153,000 – more than double the national median.
Rich retirees: In the 90th percentile, with net worth starting at $1.9 million, this group has much more financial freedom and is able to afford luxuries and legacy planning.
Only 18% of individual Americans make more than $100,000 a year, according to 2023 data from careers website Zippia. About 34% of U.S. households earn more than $100,000 a year, according to Zippia.