What is the single capital gains exclusion?

Asked by: Kristina Rempel  |  Last update: February 3, 2026
Score: 4.2/5 (35 votes)

Use the IRS primary residence exclusion, if you qualify. For single taxpayers, you may exclude up to $250,000 of the capital gains, and for married taxpayers filing jointly, you may exclude up to $500,000 of the capital gains (certain restrictions apply).1.

What is the one-time capital gains exemption?

If it's your primary residence

You can sell your primary residence and avoid paying capital gains taxes on the first $250,000 of your profits if your tax-filing status is single, and up to $500,000 if married and filing jointly. The exemption is only available once every two years.

How do seniors avoid capital gains tax?

As of 2022, for a single filer aged 65 or older, if their total income is less than $40,000 (or $80,000 for couples), they don't owe any long-term capital gains tax.

How do I avoid paying capital gains tax?

9 Ways to Avoid Capital Gains Taxes on Stocks
  1. Invest for the Long Term. ...
  2. Contribute to Your Retirement Accounts. ...
  3. Pick Your Cost Basis. ...
  4. Lower Your Tax Bracket. ...
  5. Harvest Losses to Offset Gains. ...
  6. Move to a Tax-Friendly State. ...
  7. Donate Stock to Charity. ...
  8. Invest in an Opportunity Zone.

What is the capital gain exclusion rule?

If you have a capital gain from the sale of your main home, you may qualify to exclude up to $250,000 of that gain from your income, or up to $500,000 of that gain if you file a joint return with your spouse.

Home Sale Capital Gains Exclusion -121 Exclusion Explained

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At what age do you not pay capital gains?

Current tax law does not allow you to take a capital gains tax break based on your age. In the past, the IRS granted people over the age of 55 a tax exemption for home sales, though this exclusion was eliminated in 1997 in favor of the expanded exemption for all homeowners.

What is the difference between 1031 exchange and 121 exclusion?

Since a 1031 exchange is exclusively for business or investment properties and a Section 121 exclusion is only for primary residences, they are rarely able to be used together. However, there are three scenarios where you may be able to choose between the two options or take advantage of both tax benefits at once.

How much capital gains are tax free?

Capital gains tax rates

A capital gains rate of 0% applies if your taxable income is less than or equal to: $47,025 for single and married filing separately; $94,050 for married filing jointly and qualifying surviving spouse; and. $63,000 for head of household.

Can you avoid capital gains by buying another home?

You can avoid capital gains tax when you sell your primary residence by buying another house and using the 121 home sale exclusion. In addition, the 1031 like-kind exchange allows investors to defer taxes when they reinvest the proceeds from the sale of an investment property into another investment property.

How do I reinvest capital gains without paying taxes?

To avoid paying capital gains taxes (and depreciation recapture), you can reinvest in a "like-kind" asset with a sales price of at least $500,000. The IRS allows virtually any commercial real estate property to qualify as 'like-kind” as long as you hold it for investment purposes.

What is the loophole for capital gains tax?

A few options to legally avoid paying capital gains tax on investment property include buying your property with a retirement account, converting the property from an investment property to a primary residence, utilizing tax harvesting, and using Section 1031 of the IRS code for deferring taxes.

Do you have to pay income tax after age 75?

Taxes aren't determined by age, so you will never age out of paying taxes. People who are 65 or older at the end of 2024 have to file a return for tax year 2024 (which is due in 2025) if their gross income is $16,550 or higher. If you're married filing jointly and both 65 or older, that amount is $32,300.

Do people over 65 have to pay capital gains?

Key takeaways. Seniors must pay capital gains taxes at the same rates as everyone else—no special age-based exemption exists.

What is the exemption of capital gains?

Long-term capital gains of up to ₹1 lakh are exempted from tax. However, please note that as per the latest Union Budget, this limit of ₹1 lakh has been increased to ₹1.25 lakh, which will be effective from FY 24-25.

What is the 90% rule for capital gains exemption?

The 90% test: At the time of sale the private company must be using a minimum of 90% of its assets in carrying on an active business in Canada.

What is the 6 year rule for capital gains tax?

Here's how it works: Taxpayers can claim a full capital gains tax exemption for their principal place of residence (PPOR). They also can claim this exemption for up to six years if they move out of their PPOR and then rent it out. There are some qualifying conditions for leaving your principal place of residence.

Can I sell a property and reinvest without paying capital gains?

Homeowners can avoid paying taxes on the sale of a home by reinvesting the proceeds from the sale into a similar property through a 1031 exchange.

How to offset capital gains tax?

An easy and impactful way to reduce your capital gains taxes is to use tax-advantaged accounts. Retirement accounts such as 401(k) plans, and individual retirement accounts offer tax-deferred investment. You don't pay income or capital gains taxes on assets while they remain in the account.

How do I calculate capital gains on sale of property?

Determine the cost basis of your assets, which is the original value of the asset, plus any improvements and minus any depreciation. Subtract the cost basis from the selling price. The resulting number is your capital gain (or loss).

Do capital gains count as income?

While capital gains may be taxed at a different rate, they're still included in your adjusted gross income (AGI) and can affect your tax bracket and your eligibility for some income-based investment opportunities.

What states do not have a capital gains tax?

There are only eight states that do not tax capital gains:
  • Alaska.
  • Florida.
  • Nevada.
  • New Hampshire*
  • South Dakota.
  • Tennessee.
  • Texas.
  • Wyoming.

What is the 90% rule for 1031?

In a reverse 1031 exchange, an investor acquires a new property before selling the old one. The 90% rule stipulates that the total value of the replacement property must be equal to or greater than 90% of the relinquished property's sale price to defer capital gains taxes fully.

What is the 100% rule for 1031 exchange?

A 1031 Exchange allows a taxpayer to defer 100% of their capital gain tax liability. To do this, the exchanger must buy new Replacement Property equal to or greater than in value to the property sold and reinvest all the proceeds from the sale of their old property.

How do you qualify for 121 exclusion?

To get the exclusion, a taxpayer must own and use the home as their main residence for a period adding up to two years out of the five years before it is sold.