Policymakers have adopted the principle that capital income should be taxed at lower rates than labor income. So if at all possible, top earners will find ways to disguise their labor income as “capital” income. And one way to do that is by changing the corporate form of the businesses they own and operate themselves.
The ultra-wealthy have long exploited a loophole in the way the tax system conceptualizes what is and is not “income.” By using highly appreciated assets as collateral for loans, they can access vast amounts of capital without paying taxes on those gains—immediate cash, with no taxable event.
There are several ways you might reduce your estate, including spending assets, giving assets away, buying life insurance and putting assets in trusts. For most people who are impacted by the estate tax, trusts are integral to reducing an estate's size and may help to reduce estate taxes.
In some years, billionaires such as Jeff Bezos, Elon Musk and George Soros paid no federal income taxes at all. Billionaires avoid these taxes by taking out special ultra-low-interest loans available only to them and using their assets as collateral.
More rich people are using 'secret' trusts and LLCs to hide money from their spouses. Secret trusts and LLCs are increasingly common ways wealthy people are shielding assets in divorce. Trusts and offshore accounts controlled by a shadowy company.
The trust fund loophole refers to the “stepped-up basis rule” in U.S. tax law. The rule is a tax exemption that lets you use a trust to transfer appreciated assets to the trust's beneficiaries without paying the capital gains tax. Your “basis” in an asset is the price you paid for the asset.
There are 2 primary methods of transferring wealth, either gifting during lifetime or leaving an inheritance at death. Individuals may transfer up to $13.99 million (as of 2025) during their lifetime or at death without incurring any federal gift or estate taxes. This is referred to as your lifetime exemption.
The Giving Pledge is a simple concept: an open invitation for billionaires, or those who would be if not for their giving, to publicly commit to give the majority of their wealth to philanthropy either during their lifetimes or in their wills.
What is carried interest, and how is it taxed? Carried interest, income flowing to the general partner of a private investment fund, often is treated as capital gains for the purposes of taxation. Some view this tax preference as an unfair, market-distorting loophole.
“Companies are allowed to 'carry forward' excess losses to years with profits, with the old losses canceling out current earnings,” the report explains. That's how Tesla, which last year made $10 billion in profit on $96 billion in revenue, was able to pay no federal income tax.
According to the latest IRS data, the top 1% of earners paid 40.4% of all federal income taxes in 2022. This underscores the extent to which the burden of the income tax system falls on taxpayers from the highest income groups.
In fact, many wealthy people can and do "live off the interest." That is, they put a chunk of their fortune in a relatively safe collection of income-generating assets and live off of that—allowing them to be more adventurous with the rest.
Income is taxed to you, not your heirs.
With a GRAT, all income gains and losses will flow back to you as the grantor and be included on your personal income tax return. This allows more wealth to shift to heirs, because neither they nor the trust will have income tax responsibility.
A Living Trust can help avoid or reduce estate taxes, gift taxes and income taxes, too.
Making a will to distribute your assets
Whether leaving assets to a spouse or civil partner, distributing assets to take advantage of tax-free allowances, or making gifts to charity, a valid will could help you to reduce or avoid Inheritance Tax altogether.
They focus on income generation
The richest people don't only invest for growth, but they also invest to generate more income. They diversify their investments and find new streams of income. They know how to turn their assets into income-generating machines, therefore achieving wealth, even if the economy takes a dip.
But for those in the highest income brackets, the calculus is different: People with a big home can more easily get natural light and privacy, and they don't need to worry so much about heating and cooling costs. Slowly, uncovered windows have become a status symbol.
Wealthy family buys stocks, bonds, real estate, art, or other high-value assets. It strategically holds on to these assets and allows them to grow in value. The family won't owe income tax on the growth in the assets' value unless it sells them and makes a profit.
An employee can also use Form W-4 to tell you not to withhold any federal income tax. To qualify for this exempt status, the employee must have had no tax liability for the previous year and must expect to have no tax liability for the current year.
When individuals or entities are convicted of tax evasion in California, they can face substantial penalties, including: Imprisonment: A conviction can result in imprisonment for up to one year in county jail for misdemeanor tax evasion or up to three years in state prison for felony tax evasion.
What is tax-loss harvesting? 📝 Tax-loss harvesting is a tax strategy that involves selling nonprofitable investments at a loss in order to offset or reduce capital gains taxes incurred through the sale of investments for a profit. In other words, investments that are in the red could be your ticket to a lower tax bill.