Paying down the principal first is generally better for long-term savings because it reduces the balance upon which interest is calculated, saving you money over the life of a loan. Standard payments usually cover interest first, so to pay down principal faster, you must specify that extra payments are for "principal only".
Benefits of principal-only payments
Reduced interest costs: By paying down the principal balance, you're reducing the total amount of interest that will be calculated. In the long run, this can save you hundreds (or even thousands) of dollars, depending on your loan terms and interest rate.
The amount of money you're borrowing is known as your principal. The interest is the cost you pay for borrowing money. Interest and fees are generally paid before your payments go towards your loan's principal.
The 50/30/20 rule is a simple budget guideline: 50% of your after-tax income for needs (like housing, groceries, and car payments/expenses), 30% for wants (dining out, entertainment), and 20% for savings and debt repayment. For a car payment, this means your total monthly car expenses (loan, insurance, gas, maintenance) should ideally fit within the 50% "Needs" category, with some experts suggesting car costs shouldn't exceed 10-15% of your income overall, making a modest car a "need" and luxury vehicles a "want".
Dave Ramsey's core car buying rule is to pay cash for a reliable used car, avoiding debt and new car depreciation; he suggests only buying new if you're a millionaire, and generally, the total value of all your vehicles shouldn't exceed 50% of your annual income. His philosophy emphasizes buying what you can afford outright, viewing cars as depreciating assets that shouldn't trap you in debt.
You'll save money.
Unless your loan has precomputed interest (more on that below), extra principal payments can help reduce the total amount of interest you'll pay.
If you pay $100 extra each month towards principal, you can cut your loan term by more than 4.5 years and reduce the interest paid by more than $26,500. If you pay $200 extra a month towards principal, you can cut your loan term by more than 8 years and reduce the interest paid by more than $44,000.
The 3-7-3 Rule in mortgages isn't a loan type but a federal timeline from the TILA-RESPA Integrated Disclosure (TRID) rule, ensuring borrower protection by mandating disclosures within 3 business days of application, a 7-business-day wait between the initial Loan Estimate and closing, and another 3-day wait if significant changes (like APR) occur, giving borrowers time to review costs before committing to a loan.
Food, Medicine and Child Care
Paying for food, child care, and essential medicine should be your first priority. You should always be a good steward of your money and spend wisely here. Don't overspend for food and unnecessary medicine.
You start by listing your debts in order of interest rate, from highest to lowest. You focus on the debt with the highest rate while maintaining minimum payments on the others. Once that's paid off, you move onto the debt with the next highest interest rate until they're all paid off.
A $400,000 mortgage at 7% interest results in a principal & interest payment of about $2,661 per month for a 30-year loan or around $3,595 per month for a 15-year loan, not including taxes, insurance, or PMI. Your total monthly cost will be higher once those escrow items (property taxes, homeowners insurance, etc.) are added.
The point at which you begin paying more principal than interest is known as the tipping point. This period of your loan depends on your interest rate and your loan term. Someone with a 30-year loan at a fixed rate of 4% will hit their tipping point more than 12 years into their loan.
Suze Orman strongly advocates paying off your mortgage by retirement for financial freedom and peace of mind, but her advice on how varies by situation, often prioritizing a solid emergency fund and retirement savings first, especially if interest rates are low. While she pushes for paying down debt aggressively (even reducing retirement savings beyond the 401(k) match), she cautions against draining savings for low-interest mortgages if it leaves you vulnerable to job loss or emergencies, suggesting you should have a strong safety net before using savings to pay it off.
You could be charged for paying your mortgage off early or making a monthly payment, which goes over your agreed monthly limit. Many lenders will let you overpay up to 10% a year without penalties.
In fact, according to Public Policy Institute of California, 58 percent of California's equity millionaires, as of 2020, had successfully paid off their mortgages.
How to pay off a loan early: 7 smart ways to save on interest
No matter how much extra you pay each month, that amount can help shorten the life of your loan. Even making one extra mortgage payment each year on a 30-year mortgage could shorten the life of your loan by four to five years.