Who keeps earnest money if deal falls through?

Asked by: Dr. Roxane Crona MD  |  Last update: May 13, 2025
Score: 4.6/5 (73 votes)

“If all of the buyer's legitimate deadlines have expired and the buyer is considered to be in default of the contract, the seller can elect to keep the earnest money as liquidated damages and agree to cancel the contract,” says Horner.

Do you lose earnest money if a deal falls through?

The earnest money deposit serves as the liquidated damages amount in real estate contracts. If the buyer defaults, the seller can keep the deposit regardless of the actual amount of damages. That also means that if the damages are higher than the liquidated damages – you're out of luck!

What happens to earnest money if you don't get approved?

If you back out of the contract for an approved contingency, you will get your earnest money back. You can expect your earnest money back if: The home doesn't pass inspection. The home appraises below its sale price.

What happens to earnest money if a buyer backs out?

The purpose of earnest money is to provide the seller with compensation in the event that the buyer backs out of the deal through no fault of the seller and in violation of the agreements in the purchase contract. If that happens, the seller gets to keep the earnest money.

What happens if buyer's financing falls through?

A mortgage contingency usually provides 30 to 60 days for buyers to secure loan approvals — which means that if buyers don't obtain financing within that period, they risk losing their earnest money deposits, and sellers are legally allowed to cancel the contract.

Closing Tomorrow, But I Want To Pull Out Of The Contract

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Can a deal fall through on closing day?

Though it's rare (73% of contracts close on time, and only 5% of contracts never make it past closing day), there are also other reasons that a home's sale can fall through on the closing day, including cold feet, title issues, and unfulfilled contingencies.

Who pays for appraisal if deal falls through?

“It has nothing to do with the seller; it is ordered by your lender, and payment is due regardless of the outcome,” says Maria Jeantet, a real estate agent with Coldwell Banker C&C Properties in Redding, CA. “It is typically paid by the buyer unless specifically negotiated ahead of time to be paid by the seller.”

How common is it to lose earnest money?

As long as a buyer follows the terms of the contract and adheres to all deadlines agreed to with the seller, a buyer will most often receive their full earnest money deposit(s) back.

Can I sue to get my earnest money back?

Under California law, you can sue the seller and the agent for not returning your full earnest money deposit (EMD) if you believe the liquidation damages they claimed are unjustified or inflated.

What happens if the buyer doesn't have enough money at closing?

Simply put, if you don't have all the required money at closing, you won't be allowed to close. This could lead to a seller lawsuit and/or forfeit of your earnest money deposit. As such, investors need to understand how to A) calculate closing costs; and B) secure additional financing, if necessary.

Who keeps earnest money?

Typically, you pay earnest money to an escrow account or trust under a third party, like a legal firm, real estate broker or title company. Acceptable payment methods include personal check, certified check and wire transfer. The funds remain in the trust or escrow account until closing.

Do you lose earnest money if an inspection fails?

Generally, the earnest money is refundable if the deal falls through due to inspection issues. Example: A home inspection reveals major structural problems.

Can a buyer back out after signing closing papers?

Yes. For certain types of mortgages, after you sign your mortgage closing documents, you may be able to change your mind. You have the right to cancel, also known as the right of rescission, for most non-purchase money mortgages.

Why would you not get earnest money back?

The earnest money typically goes towards the buyer's down payment or closing costs. It is refunded to the buyer only upon certain contingencies specified in the contract. If the buyer cancels the contract outside of the contingencies, it is released to the seller.

Who pays for a home inspection if the deal falls through?

Because they want to know the truth, buyers traditionally cover the cost of the inspection. If a seller paid, there could be a perceived conflict of interest — after all, they would prefer a flawless report!

Do I lose my earnest money if I lose my job?

Loss of earnest money

Earnest money shows the seller you're serious about buying their home while allowing you time to secure financing. If you suddenly decide to cancel your application, the seller is entitled to keep the earnest money.

What happens to earnest money if buyer cancels?

If a home buyer in California cancels the deal for a reason that is covered by one or more contingencies, the earnest money deposit should be refundable. In this case, they should be able to recover the money they paid.

Is earnest money legally binding?

Earnest money is also known as a binder or token money. It essentially confirms a contract and after the earnest money is paid, both the parties to the contract are under the obligation to carry forward the verbal agreement.

Do I get my earnest money back if financing falls through?

Financing contingency: Buyers will get their earnest deposit refunded if they're unable to secure financing for the home. An example is if the buyer is unable to qualify for a mortgage during the underwriting of the loan or if the property doesn't meet the lender's standards.

Do you lose earnest money if you change your mind?

If you back out of a signed contract for a reason not explicitly stipulated and agreed to as a contingency, not only do you risk losing your earnest money, but the seller could possibly seek further legal action. It's easier to back out of buying a house before the purchase agreement is signed.

How can a buyer lose their earnest money?

Ways to Lose Your Earnest Money Deposit
  1. Failing to Meet Deadlines. ...
  2. Getting Caught Up In a Bidding War. ...
  3. Agreeing to a Non-Refundable Earnest Money Deposit. ...
  4. Waiving Contingencies Prematurely. ...
  5. Failing to Do Due Diligence. ...
  6. Failing to Understand “As-Is” Buying. ...
  7. Deciding the Home Isn't “The One” ...
  8. Change of Circumstances.

Can you write off lost earnest money?

If a taxpayer lost earnest money due to a failed business purchase of a rental home, the loss is considered a capital loss and can be deducted on Schedule D. To enter the loss due to a failed business purchase of a rental home, from the Federal Section of the individual tax return (Form 1040) select: Income.

Do you lose earnest money if your appraisal is low?

If you walk away from a sale due to an appraisal gap, do you lose your earnest money? You will unless your purchase agreement included an appraisal contingency.

Who gets the appraisal report first?

Buyers get the appraisal report close to the closing date (at least 3 days before closing day). After the appraiser inspects the home, he submits the appraisal report to the lender. The lender reviews the report and will send it to the buyer.

Do I get my appraisal money back if financing falls through?

When a home purchase falls through, unfortunately, buyers must cover the appraisal costs. Lenders order the appraisal and expect reimbursement from the buyer.