A trust is a fiduciary1 relationship in which one party (the Grantor) gives a second party2 (the Trustee) the right to hold title to property or assets for the benefit of a third party (the Beneficiary). The trustee, in turn, explains the terms and conditions of the trust to the beneficiary.
An owner of a trust account is the person who has the powers to modify or revoke the terms of the trust, referred to as the trustor/grantor/settlor within the trust.
From a legal standpoint, the trust itself is the official owner of any assets that have been retitled and transferred into it – not you as an individual.
This is a fundamental concept of trust law: the separation of legal and equitable title. In other words, while the trustee has the legal authority to manage and control the assets, they do so not for their own benefit, but for the beneficiaries.
As previously mentioned, trustees generally cannot withhold money from a beneficiary for no reason or indefinitely. Similarly, trustees cannot withdraw money from a trust to benefit themselves, even if the trustee is also a beneficiary.
Selecting the wrong trustee is easily the biggest blunder parents can make when setting up a trust fund. As estate planning attorneys, we've seen first-hand how this critical error undermines so many parents' good intentions.
In trust for (ITF), or account in trust, refers to a bank or investment account that has a named trustee. This trustee manages the assets in the account on behalf of one or more beneficiaries. The person who creates an in trust for account can set the rules or guidelines for how those assets should be managed.
The grantor can set up the trust so the money is distributed directly to the beneficiaries free and clear of limitations. The trustee can transfer real estate to the beneficiary by having a new deed written up or selling the property and giving them the money, writing them a check or giving them cash.
The trustee(s) The trustee is the legal owner of the trust property (although not necessarily a beneficial owner), and is responsible for managing the trust fund. Being the legal owner, all of the transactions of the trust are carried out in the name of the trustee.
What Are the Disadvantages of a Trust in California? Trusts are costly to create. Creating a trust without an attorney may be less expensive, but doing so leaves the trust much more vulnerable to trust contests and other legal litigation. It is also more time-consuming to properly set up a trust than to create a will.
A trustee is in charge of the trust and manages the trust assets on behalf of the grantor and according to the trust agreement. A trust beneficiary receives the assets of the trust.
While trustees have the authority to withdraw money from a trust, they are not allowed to withdraw money from a trust account for personal use unless specified in the trust. However, it's important to mention that it is cause for suspicion even if this is the case.
Approaching the Trustee
Another possible way to get money out of a trust fund is to request a cash withdrawal. This would require putting the request in writing and sending it to the trustee. The trustee might agree. However, that individual or entity must also fulfill their fiduciary obligations.
Trust accounts are managed by a trustee on behalf of a third party. Parents often open trust accounts for minor children. An account in trust can include cash, stocks, bonds, and other types of assets.
Trustee: Trustees often have more ongoing authority, especially in the case of living trusts or long-term trusts. They may manage and distribute assets over many years, depending on the terms of the trust.
But the beneficiaries don't own the assets in the trust. The person who funded the trust, meaning the grantor, when the trust is irrevocable has given up ownership of assets in the trust. The trustee actually legally owns the assets in the trust, but I would argue doesn't ”own” the trust either.
Once you die, your living trust becomes irrevocable, which means that your wishes are now set in stone. The person you named to be the successor trustee now steps up to take an inventory of the trust assets and eventually hand over property to the beneficiaries named in the trust.
Under California law, embezzling trust funds or property valued at $950 or less is a misdemeanor offense and is punishable by up to 6 months in county jail. If a trustee embezzles more than $950 from the trust, they can be charged with felony embezzlement, which carries a sentence of up to 3 years in jail.
The trustee is officially responsible for the assets in a trust when it is established. The individual who established the trust may retain ownership of a living trust, but otherwise, the trustee controls all assets.
The FATF defines a beneficial owner as “the natural person(s), at the end of the chain, who ultimately owns or controls the legal arrangement, including those persons who exercise ultimate effective control over the arrange- ment, and/or the natural person on whose behalf a trans- action is being conducted”.
The grantor who creates the trust fund sets the terms for how assets are to be held, gathered, and distributed. The trustee manages the fund's assets and executes the grantor's directives. The beneficiary receives the assets or other benefits from the fund.
Disadvantages of Trust Funds
Costs: Setting up and maintaining a trust can be expensive. Loss of Control: Some trusts mean giving up control over your assets. Time and Compliance: Maintaining a trust requires time and adhering to legal requirements. Tax Implications: Trusts can sometimes face higher income tax rates.
With an irrevocable trust, the transfer of assets is permanent. So once the trust is created and assets are transferred, they generally can't be taken out again. You can still act as the trustee but you'd be limited to withdrawing money only on an as-needed basis to cover necessary expenses.
Trustees can sue beneficiaries for damaging trust property, with specific conditions and time limits for legal actions. Trust litigation attorneys can help trustees navigate their duties, resolve disputes, and comply with state laws to avoid litigation.