Some mortgage lenders may request a letter of explanation if there is confusion about any details in your financial documents. If you're applying for a government-backed mortgage like an FHA or VA loan, a letter of explanation may be required.
Let's discuss what underwriters look for in the loan approval process. In considering your application, they look at a variety of factors, including your credit history, income and any outstanding debts. This important step in the process focuses on the three C's of underwriting — credit, capacity and collateral.
In the event that you earn income from other sources, such as rental property, or Social Security income, the lender will ask you to document that, too. The bottom line is there's nothing unusual about being asked to provide more documents after you submit your application. It's absolutely normal.
Underwriters can't approve a loan application with missing or unverifiable information. Although this might seem obvious, it was one of the top reasons for loan denial in 2020. You can't prove your income or employment history is stable. Most loan programs require a two-year history of steady earnings and employment.
How Closely Do Underwriters Look at Bank Statements? It depends on the underwriter. Some are satisfied by simply looking at the primary information on two months' bank statements, while others may request proof of deposit. The most thorough underwriters may ask for statements and proof of deposit.
A conditional approval happens when most everything in your loan application looks good, but there are a few conditions that must be met before you can get final approval. A loan may fall through during underwriting if an underwriter assesses your financial information and recommends the lender not give you a loan.
Spending habits
And they will look to see if you are regularly spending less than you earn consistent with the savings you are claiming. No matter how frugal you might be most lenders have adopted a floor on the living expenses they will accept.
The mortgage underwriting process can take anywhere from a few days to a few weeks. The timeline varies depending on whether the underwriter needs more information from you, how busy the lender is and how streamlined the lender's practices are.
Unexplained withdrawals
If any withdrawals seem inconsistent with the provided information, they will seek clarification. For example, if there are recurring non-payroll withdrawals, the underwriter might inquire if they are associated with debts or items like child support payments.
Lenders typically consider various factors before approving a loan application. By focusing on building a good credit score, reducing debt, improving your debt-to-income ratio, and providing accurate documentation, you can enhance your eligibility for loan approval.
A letter of explanation enables the borrower to answer any questions a lender might have about the loan application. Lenders are often required to get letters of explanation for information present on your credit report, such as delinquencies, late payments, bankruptcies, and foreclosures.
Provide a clear and concise explanation of the circumstances that led to your bad credit. For example, did you lose your job or experience a significant medical expense? Providing this context can help the employer understand why your credit history looks the way it does.
Telling your lender you've opened up or applied for several new credit cards may not go over so well. Wait until after you finish buying the home to make those big purchases. You don't want to come off as reckless with your spending before getting approval.
Unexplained Payments To Individuals and Companies
Payments or regular withdrawals that don't match up to any debt on the credit report may indicate you have undisclosed debt. The underwriter must add all debt payments to your debt-to-income. Expect to explain regular withdrawals that appear to be payments.
Your bank statements reveal your regular spending habits and how you manage your finances. Lenders look for red flags like frequent overdrafts, returned payments, or insufficient funds charges, which indicate financial stress or poor money management.
Lenders want to make sure you have enough funds to cover the down payment and closing costs on the home purchase. Underwriters also look at your bank statements and savings accounts to ensure that you have the funds your sale and purchase agreement outlines you would make at closing.
Federal Housing Administration loans: 14.4% denial rate. Jumbo loans: 17.8% denial rate. Conventional conforming loans: 7.6% denial rate. Refinance loans: 24.7% denial rate.
Key takeaways
Debt-to-income ratio is your monthly debt obligations compared to your gross monthly income (before taxes), expressed as a percentage. A good debt-to-income ratio is less than or equal to 36%. Any debt-to-income ratio above 43% is considered to be too much debt.
Once the underwriter has determined that your loan is fit for approval, you'll be cleared to close.
A large deposit is defined as a single deposit that exceeds 50% of the total monthly qualifying income for the loan. When bank statements (typically covering the most recent two months) are used, the lender must evaluate large deposits.
In the manual bank statement verification, the information on the bank statement for the last 2 or 3 months is analyzed to get a clearer view of the borrower's income, expenses, debts, and average account balances.