Resident beneficiaries are taxed on income distributed or distributable from all sources. Nonresident beneficiaries are taxed only on income distributed or distributable that is derived from sources within California (R&TC Section 17953).
If you received a gift or inheritance, do not include it in your income. However, if the gift or inheritance later produces income, you will need to pay tax on that income. Example: You inherit and deposit cash that earns interest income. Include only the interest earned in your gross income, not the inherited cash.
Withdrawals of contributions from an inherited Roth are tax free. Most withdrawals of earnings from an inherited Roth IRA account are also tax-free. However, withdrawals of earnings may be subject to income tax if the Roth account is less than 5-years old at the time of the withdrawal.
Banks and financial institutions are required to report such transactions using Form 8300. Most inheritances are paid by regular check, wire transfer, or other means that don't qualify for reporting.
Another key difference: While there is no federal inheritance tax, there is a federal estate tax. The federal estate tax generally applies to assets over $13.61 million in 2024 and $13.99 million in 2025, and the federal estate tax rate ranges from 18% to 40%.
Beneficiaries of traditional bank accounts inherit the funds upon the owner's death. You can designate a beneficiary at any time by providing their personal information. Reviewing and updating your beneficiaries is a critical aspect of estate planning.
This means that when the beneficiary withdraws those monies from the accounts, the beneficiary will receive a 1099 from the company administering the plan and must report that income on their income tax return (and must pay income taxes on the sum).
Spacing out distributions over 10-year period
A beneficiary may consider spacing out distributions over the ten-year period to benefit from tax-deferred appreciation while also managing taxes. If the beneficiary retires during those years, waiting to take distributions until then may lower the overall tax bill.
If due, an inheritance tax is applied only to the portion of an inheritance that exceeds an exemption amount. Above that threshold, tax is usually assessed on a sliding basis. Rates typically begin in the single digits and rise to between 15% and 18%.
While it is often beneficial to communicate with beneficiaries regarding the estate administration, executors are not required to comply with every single request for information. Beneficiaries are often surprised to discover that in reality they have a right to very little information regarding an estate.
Annual gift tax exclusion
The gift tax limit is $18,000 in 2024 and $19,000 in 2025. Note that this annual exclusion is per gift recipient. So, you could give away the limit to several different people in a single year and still not have to file a gift tax return and possibly pay the gift tax.
Many states assess an inheritance tax. That means that you, as the beneficiary, will have to pay taxes when you receive an inheritance. How much you'll be assessed depends on the state you live in, the size of your inheritance, the types of assets included, and your relationship with the deceased.
Generally, life insurance proceeds you receive as a beneficiary due to the death of the insured person, aren't includable in gross income and you don't have to report them. However, any interest you receive is taxable and you should report it as interest received. See Topic 403 for more information about interest.
"The surviving owner will be able to withdraw funds from the account," says David Doehring, probate attorney and managing partner of Doehring & Doehring Attorneys at Law. If the account has a payable on death beneficiary, the bank account balance goes to the beneficiary after the last account owner dies.
If you are the beneficiary of a life insurance policy and you owe the IRS, the IRS can seize those proceeds. Additionally, if you have a life insurance policy with no beneficiary named and you owe the IRS, the IRS can seize the policy funds before they are distributed to your next of kin.
If you inherit a Roth IRA, you're free of taxes. But with a traditional IRA, any amount you withdraw is subject to ordinary income taxes. For estates subject to the estate tax, inheritors of an IRA will get an income-tax deduction for the estate taxes paid on the account.
If you're at least age 59½ and your Roth IRA has been open for at least five years, you can withdraw money tax- and penalty-free. See Roth IRA withdrawal rules.
Federal tax laws do not consider most inherited assets to be taxable income.
Many people worry about the estate tax affecting the inheritance they pass along to their children, but it's not a reality most people will face. In 2025, the first $13,990,000 of an estate is exempt from federal estate taxes, up from $13,610,000 in 2024. Estate taxes are based on the size of the estate.
Immediately after receiving an inheritance, you should notify your local Social Security office.
You don't need to report a cash inheritance on your federal return. The IRS doesn't impose an inheritance tax. Only a handful of states (Iowa, Kentucky, Maryland, Nebraska, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania) have some kind of inheritance tax.
There is no federal tax for beneficiaries of POD accounts. There will be an inheritance tax, or death tax, depending on the state, that will need to be settled before any money can leave the account. If the deceased has any debt that has not been settled, the money in the account must go to paying that off first.
If you contact the bank before consulting an attorney, you risk account freezes, which could severely delay auto-payments and direct deposits and most importantly mortgage payments. You should call Social Security right away to tell them about the death of your loved one.
Not all bank accounts are suitable for a Living Trust. If you need regular access to an account, you may want to keep it in your name rather than the name of your Trust. Or, you may have a low-value account that won't benefit from being put in a Trust.