Do I have to pay depreciation recapture on a primary residence?

Asked by: Zena West  |  Last update: April 7, 2025
Score: 4.8/5 (60 votes)

Depreciation is a tax strategy which allows you to realize the expense of the property and use those expense to offset income from the property, thus reducing the owner's tax liability. However, when you sell a property, you have to recapture the depreciation that was previously taken as a tax benefit.

How do you avoid depreciation recapture on primary residence?

If it's important to you to avoid the depreciation recapture tax, there are several strategies you may want to adopt.
  1. Take advantage of IRS Section 121 exclusion. ...
  2. Conduct a 1031 exchange. ...
  3. Pass on the property to your heirs. ...
  4. Sell the property at a loss.

Is there depreciation recapture on residential rental property?

Depreciation expense taken by a real estate investor is recaptured when the property is sold. Depreciation recapture is taxed at an investor's ordinary income tax rate, up to a maximum of 25%. Remaining profits from the sale of a rental property are taxed at the capital gains tax rate of 0%, 15%, or 20%.

What happens to depreciation when you convert rental property to primary residence?

Depreciation Recapture

Owning a rental property means you can take a specific tax deduction for asset depreciation every year. However, you'll owe the deducted amount if you sell the property after turning it into your primary residence. This aspect can erode the Section 121 exclusion you receive when selling.

Can you claim depreciation on primary residence?

You can't claim depreciation on property held for personal purposes. If you use property, such as a car, for both business or investment and personal purposes, you can depreciate only the business or investment use portion. Land is never depreciable, although buildings and certain land improvements may be.

Real Estate: Taxes, Depreciation, and the Primary Residence Exclusion

15 related questions found

Do you have to pay back depreciation on rental property?

The short answer is that depreciation on a rental property doesn't need to be paid back in a literal sense. Because depreciation is considered a non-cash expense, it doesn't involve any actual expenses out-of-pocket.

What happens when you sell a fully depreciated property?

When you sell a depreciated capital asset, you may be able to earn a “realized gain” if the asset's sale price is higher than its value after deduction expenses. You'll then be able to recapture the difference between the two figures after you report it as income.

Is it better to not take depreciation on rental property?

Other landlords worry that claiming depreciation could result in lower income from their property, reducing their cash flow. However, depreciation isn't an actual cash expense; it's simply a tax deduction. In other words, depreciation may lower your taxable income, but it doesn't affect your cash flow.

Can you move back into a rental to avoid capital gains tax?

If you like your rental property enough to live in it, you could convert it to a primary residence to avoid capital gains tax. There are some rules, however, that the IRS enforces. You have to own the home for at least five years. And you have to live in it for at least two out of five years before you sell it.

What is the 121 exclusion for depreciation recapture?

The 121 exclusion allows homeowners to exclude capital gains but not depreciation recapture from their taxable income when they sell their primary residence that was also held as an investment property.

What triggers depreciation recapture?

Depreciation recapture is the gain realized by selling depreciable capital property reported as ordinary income for tax purposes. It is assessed when an asset's sale price exceeds the tax or adjusted cost basis.

Do I have to recapture depreciation on inherited rental property?

If a property is inherited, the basis for the property is stepped up to its fair market value at the date of the decedent's death, potentially reducing the depreciation recapture when the heir sells the property.

Why does 1250 recapture no longer apply?

Since most depreciable real property is depreciated under the straight-line method, true section 1250 recapture generally does not apply. Some circumstances where it may apply is where accelerated and/or bonus depreciation property is taken on real property such as land improvements or qualified improvement property.

What if I move into my rental property?

Once you occupy the home as your personal residence, you will no longer be able to take any of the deductions you took when the property was a rental. This means you will get no depreciation deduction and you can't deduct the cost of repairs.

How long do I have to own a rental property to avoid capital gains tax?

Section 121 of the Internal Revenue Code allows you to reduce or eliminate capital gains tax by converting your rental property to your primary residence before selling if: You own the home for at least 2 of the preceding 5 years before selling it.

How to prove primary residence for capital gains?

U.S. Postal Service address, Voter Registration Card, Federal and state tax returns, and. Driver's license or car registration.

How to avoid depreciation recapture primary residence?

If it's important to you to avoid the depreciation recapture tax, there are several strategies you may want to adopt:
  1. Conduct a 1031 exchange. ...
  2. Pass on the property to your heirs. ...
  3. Sell the property at a loss.

What happens to depreciation if I move into my rental property?

Moving back into your rental to claim the primary residence gain exclusion does not allow you to exclude your depreciation recapture, so you might still owe a hefty tax bill after moving back, depending on how much depreciation was deducted (IRS, 2023).

What is a simple trick for avoiding capital gains tax on real estate investments?

A few options to legally avoid paying capital gains tax on investment property include buying your property with a retirement account, converting the property from an investment property to a primary residence, utilizing tax harvesting, and using Section 1031 of the IRS code for deferring taxes.

How to offset depreciation recapture?

The second method investors can use to defer depreciation recapture is to complete a 1031 or like-kind exchange. If you swap one investment property for another and roll the entirety of sales proceeds into the new asset, you can defer both depreciation recapture and capital gains taxes.

What happens with unused depreciation on rental property?

You will owe 25 percent of what you could have deducted as a “depreciation recapture” when you sell the property. That amount is due whether you take a deduction or not.

Is depreciation recapture always 25?

Depreciation Recapture tax is 25% across the board, only second to real estate owned less than one year, taxed as ordinary income which could be as high as 37%.

Does depreciation recapture count as income?

Depreciation recapture occurs when you sell business property for a gain after taking depreciation deductions. This tax rule requires you to report part of your gain as ordinary income to “recapture” some of the benefit you previously received from the deductions.

Does 1031 avoid depreciation recapture?

Investors can defer depreciation recapture by engaging in a 1031 property exchange, also called a like kind exchange. The specific rules of a 1031 Exchange are outlined in section 1031 of the internal revenue code, but they can be complex.

How many years can a residential property be depreciated?

By convention, most U.S. residential rental property is typically depreciated at a rate of 3.636% each year for 27.5 years.