Generally, you do not need probate if all assets are held in joint names with a "right of survivorship," as these assets pass automatically to the surviving owner. However, probate may still be required if there are sole-name assets, if the joint ownership is "tenants-in-common," or if both owners die simultaneously.
This means that when both you and your spouse have assets in joint names, you'll gain automatic access when they die, meaning there's no need for probate. Please note if you own a property in joint names but as tenants in common, you will need to apply for probate.
Assets exempt from probate typically include those with named beneficiaries (life insurance, retirement accounts), jointly owned property with rights of survivorship, assets held in a living trust, and sometimes specific items like homestead property or a certain value of vehicles/household goods, depending on state law, allowing direct transfer to heirs without court involvement.
Under the right of survivorship, when one account holder dies, the assets in the joint account automatically pass to the surviving account holder, bypassing the probate process.
As we mentioned, if you have jointly owned assets when one joint owner dies, the property is yours.
Only about a third of all states have laws specifying that assets owned by the deceased are automatically inherited by the surviving spouse. In the remaining states, the surviving spouse may inherit between one-third and one-half of the assets, with the remainder divided among surviving children, if applicable.
A revocable living trust is another effective way to avoid probate, especially if you have multiple assets or own property in different states. With a trust, you transfer ownership of your assets into the trust while still retaining full control during your lifetime.
If the total held by each bank or building society falls below their threshold, then you usually won't need a grant of probate for the money to be released. If it falls above the threshold, then you probably will need to apply for probate.
If assets are situated outside the jurisdiction of metro cities where probate is mandated, the process can be avoided. For example, property located outside the municipal limits of Chennai, Mumbai, or Kolkata does not require probate under the Indian Succession Act.
Want to make your assets virtually untouchable by creditors and lawsuits? Equity stripping may be the answer. This advanced technique involves encumbering your assets with liens or mortgages held by friendly creditors, such as an LLC or trust you control.
The deceased person's survivors may decide to open a probate if there are debts owed or if there is a need to set a deadline for creditors to file claims. When there is property to transfer, the probate process also provides for the distribution of the estate's property to the decedent's heirs.
Contact the Social Security Administration.
Depending on circumstances, you may be eligible for survivor benefits. (Learn more from the Social Security Administration.) You cannot accomplish this online; to report a death or apply for benefits, call +1-800-772-1213, or visit your local Social Security office.
Joint ownership
Having a joint bank account with one or more parties (for example, a parent having a joint account with an adult child or children) allows the funds to go directly to the remaining owner(s) without going through probate.
Although there are some exceptions, it is usually against the law for you to start sharing out the estate or to get money from the estate, until you have probate or letters of administration.
A major disadvantage of probate is that it's a public, time-consuming, and costly legal process that can delay asset distribution, increase family conflict, and expose private financial information to the public. The process involves court oversight, fees for attorneys and executors, and a lengthy timeline (often months to years) that can tie up assets needed by heirs, creating significant financial and emotional burdens.
1 in 2 people need probate after someone dies. Whether probate is needed depends on what the person owned when they were alive. For example, if they owned a property in their sole name, or had other high value assets, it's likely you'll need probate to deal with their estate. Visit our Do I need probate?
To Save Money
Because probate can be a drawn-out legal process, it can also be expensive. Avoiding probate helps you save money by: Saving on attorney and court fees. A probate attorney can help ensure the most positive outcome from probate proceedings, but you do have to pay for those legal services.
You can typically inherit a very large amount from your parents without paying federal tax, as the federal estate tax exemption is around $15 million per person for 2026, meaning only estates larger than that pay tax, not you directly. While you generally don't pay income tax on inheritances (except for pre-tax retirement funds like IRAs/401(k)s, which are taxed as income when withdrawn), some states have their own estate or inheritance taxes with much lower thresholds, affecting a smaller portion of wealth.
"If there is a mortgage on the property, the mortgage company could eventually foreclose even if someone continues to make the monthly mortgage payments. If there is no mortgage, the property could remain in the deceased name for decades.