How long can a trustee hold funds?

Asked by: Monica Mills  |  Last update: December 30, 2025
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Generally, assets in a revocable trust, including houses, should be distributed or sold within 12-18 months.

How long can a trustee hold money?

Typically, it takes 12-18 months for a revocable trust with a straightforward distribution provision. However, the time frame can be shorter, around 4-5 months, for a simple distribution. Factors such as selling real estate, filing estate taxes, and complex situations can extend the trust administration period.

Can a trustee withhold money from a beneficiary?

As previously mentioned, trustees generally cannot withhold money from a beneficiary for no reason or indefinitely. Similarly, trustees cannot withdraw money from a trust to benefit themselves, even if the trustee is also a beneficiary.

What is the 120 day rule for trusts?

The Timeline for Challenging a California Trust

Once a beneficiary or heir receives this notice, they have only 120 days to contest the trust. If they wait more than 120 days, their challenge will be dismissed without consideration, and they will be forever barred from attempting another contest.

Is there a time limit to settle a trust?

While a trust can remain open for 21 years after the death of the grantor, most are closed immediately after death. This can take anywhere from a couple of months to one year, and even as long as two years, depending upon the complexity of the assets held in the trust.

How Long Does a Trustee Have to Distribute Assets?

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What happens if a trustee refuses to distribute the assets?

Beneficiaries can ask the courts to compel trustees to distribute trust assets, review the trust, or remove the trustee. A trustee might cite inadequate funds as a reason for not distributing assets. In this case, the beneficiary may have the right to request the trust's accounting information.

How long does it take to get paid out from a trust?

Typically, a revocable trust with clear provisions for outright distribution might conclude within 12 to 18 months. However, in simpler cases, the process can take an average of 4 to 5 months without complications.

What is the 5 year rule for trusts?

Once assets are placed in an irrevocable trust, you no longer have control over them, and they won't be included in your Medicaid eligibility determination after five years. It's important to plan well in advance, as the 5-year look-back rule still applies.

Who has more right, a trustee or the beneficiary?

A trustee typically has the most control in running their trust. They are granted authority by their grantor to oversee and distribute assets according to terms set out in their trust document, while beneficiaries merely reap its benefits without overseeing its operations themselves.

What is the 10% rule for trusts?

At the end of the payment term, the remainder of the trust passes to 1 or more qualified U.S. charitable organizations. The remainder donated to charity must be at least 10% of the initial net fair market value of all property placed in the trust.

Can a trustee take all the money?

Ultimately, trustees can only withdraw money from a trust account for specific expenses within certain limitations. Their duties require them to comply with the grantor's wishes. If they breach their fiduciary duties, they will be removed as the trustee and face a surcharge for compensatory damages.

Can a trustee ignore a beneficiary?

A trustee may withhold money or assets from a beneficiary if they must focus on other responsibilities surrounding the estate. For example, if the estate becomes subject to a tax audit or litigation arises, a trustee may refuse to give beneficiaries their share of the assets until these issues are resolved.

How do beneficiaries get paid from a trust?

The grantor can set up the trust so the money is distributed directly to the beneficiaries free and clear of limitations. The trustee can transfer real estate to the beneficiary by having a new deed written up or selling the property and giving them the money, writing them a check or giving them cash.

What is the timeline for a family trust?

The time required to establish a living trust can span from a few days to multiple weeks, and in some cases (depending on your circumstances), a couple of months. This timeline is influenced by factors like the complexity of your estate, the thoroughness of document preparation, and notary schedules.

What happens if there is not enough money to pay beneficiaries?

If there is not enough to pay all the legacies, the people entitled to the legacies will get a proportion of what they have been left, depending on how much money is available. The other people mentioned in the will who are supposed to get the remainder will get nothing.

Can a trustee freeze your bank account?

Filing for bankruptcy impacts your financial life, especially your bank accounts. Your account can be frozen and funds over exemption limits taken by trustees. To protect yourself, work with a savvy attorney to strategically use exemptions and separate exempt from non-exempt funds before filing.

What cannot a trustee do?

A trustee must abide by the trust document and the California Probate Code. They are prohibited from using trust assets for personal gain and must act in the best interest of the beneficiaries. Trust assets are meant for the benefit of the trust beneficiaries and not for the personal use of the trustee.

Can a trustee go to jail for stealing from trust?

Under California law, embezzling trust funds or property valued at $950 or less is a misdemeanor offense and is punishable by up to 6 months in county jail. If a trustee embezzles more than $950 from the trust, they can be charged with felony embezzlement, which carries a sentence of up to 3 years in jail.

Can a trustee evict a beneficiary?

In general, the steps to this process are: The trustee must send a written notice to the beneficiary to vacate the real property. Under California law, if the beneficiary has been in possession of the property for less than a year, then a 30-day notice is sufficient.

What assets should not be in a revocable trust?

A: Property that cannot be held in a trust includes Social Security benefits, health savings and medical savings accounts, and cash. Other types of property that should not go into a trust are individual retirement accounts or 401(k)s, life insurance policies, certain types of bank accounts, and motor vehicles.

Can a nursing home take money from an irrevocable trust?

And so the trustee of a trust, whether it's revocable or irrevocable, can use trust funds to pay for nursing home care for a senior. Now, that doesn't mean that the nursing home itself can access the funds that are held in an irrevocable trust. It's always the responsibility of the trustee to manage those assets.

How much money can you put in a trust per year?

There actually is no limit to how much money you can place in a trust, so it's a useful estate planning tool whether you are trying to pass on your assets or provide a family member with care after you have passed away.

What is the biggest mistake parents make when setting up a trust fund?

Selecting the wrong trustee is easily the biggest blunder parents can make when setting up a trust fund. As estate planning attorneys, we've seen first-hand how this critical error undermines so many parents' good intentions.

How are beneficiaries paid from a will?

Once the court receives the petition, it will set a date for the initial probate proceeding, which is where an executor or administrator of the estate will be appointed to oversee the probate process and make distributions of estate assets to beneficiaries or heirs upon its completion.

How long should an executor wait to distribute assets?

By waiting ten months, the executor has the chance to see whether anyone is going to raise an objection. There are six months from the date of the Grant of Probate in which to commence a claim under the Inheritance (Provision for Family and Dependants) Act 1975. Then a further four months in which to serve the claim.