The cons of investing in I-bonds
There's actually a limit on how much you can invest in I-bonds per year. The annual maximum in purchases is $10,000 worth of electronic I-bonds, although in some cases, you may be able to purchase an additional $5,000 worth of paper I-bonds using your tax refund.
Series EE bonds are guaranteed to reach their face value after 20 years. Meanwhile, Series I bonds don't come with guarantees and mature after 30 years. Both bonds can also be cashed out at a cost after one year or penalty-free after five years. U.S. Department of Treasury.
This fixed rate stays with those I Bonds throughout the 30 years that they earn interest. The current semiannual inflation rate of 1.90% will reset every 6 months following the purchase, or renewal, of your I bond.
If you want to keep all your good interest and get the most out of your I Bonds you should cash out: after earning 3 months of lower interest and. just after the 1st of the month.
November 1, 2024. Series EE savings bonds issued November 2024 through April 2025 will earn an annual fixed rate of 2.60% and Series I savings bonds will earn a composite rate of 3.11%, a portion of which is indexed to inflation every six months.
I cashed some Series E, Series EE, and Series I savings bonds. How do I report the interest? In general, you must report the interest in income in the taxable year in which you redeemed the bonds to the extent you did not include the interest in income in a prior taxable year.
The 4.28% composite rate for I bonds issued from May 2024 through October 2024 applies for the first six months after the issue date. The composite rate combines a 1.30% fixed rate of return with the 2.96% annualized rate of inflation as measured by the Consumer Price Index for all Urban Consumers (CPI-U).
Unlike I-bonds, TIPS are marketable securities and can be resold on the secondary market before maturity. When the TIPS matures, if the principal is higher than the original amount, you get the higher amount. If the principal is equal to or lower than the original amount, you get the higher original amount.
6 Month Treasury Rate (I:6MTCMR)
6 Month Treasury Rate is at 4.25%, compared to 4.24% the previous market day and 5.24% last year. This is higher than the long term average of 2.87%.
This composite rate of 3.11% applied to $10,000 in I bonds, would earn a guaranteed $155.50 in interest over the next six months (not $311, that's because it's an annualized rate) — but you cannot cash in your bond until you've held it for a year. So why even mention the six-month take?
Use the Education Exclusion
With that in mind, you have one option for avoiding taxes on savings bonds: the education exclusion. You can skip paying taxes on interest earned with Series EE and Series I savings bonds if you're using the money to pay for qualified higher education costs.
TAKEAWAYS: Not losing money by holding a bond until maturity is an illusion. The economic impact of market rate changes still impacts investors holding bonds until maturity. A bond index fund provides an investor with greater diversification and less risk.
Normally, you're limited to purchasing $10,000 per person on electronic Series I bonds per year. However, the government allows those with a federal tax refund to invest up to $5,000 of that refund into paper I bonds. So most investors think their annual investment tops out at $15,000 – one of the key I bond myths.
Bottom Line. I bonds offer inflation-adjusted interest rates, which can make them a popular option for investors looking to preserve the purchasing power of their investments. EE bonds, on the other hand, may appeal to those seeking predictable, long-term returns, due to their fixed interest rates and tax advantages.
Purchase prices start at $25, and you can buy in any amount above that up to $10,000 per person, per calendar year. You also can buy an I bond in paper form, through the Tax Time Purchase Program.
The current I-bond rate, valid for bonds issued November 1, 2024 through April 30, 2025, is 3.11%. That includes a fixed rate of 1.20%. To put that in context, the best high-yield savings accounts and the best CD rates are giving returns over 5%. However, rate cuts have brought CD rates down from their high in 2024.
You can get your cash for an EE or I savings bond any time after you have owned it for 1 year. However, the longer you hold the bond, the more it earns for you (for up to 30 years for an EE or I bond). Also, if you cash in the bond in less than 5 years, you lose the last 3 months of interest.
Bonds with non-investment grade ratings (junk bonds) typically offer the highest return potential. They tend to offer a higher fixed-income yield than investment-grade, municipal, and government bonds.
Must I pay tax on what the bond earns? You choose whether to report each year's earnings or wait to report all the earnings when you get the money for the bond. If you use the money for qualified higher education expenses, you may not have to pay tax on the earnings.
Currently, Treasuries maturing in less than a year yield more than CDs. However, at maturities of one year and beyond, CDs yield a little more before taxes. Therefore, all things considered, it likely makes more sense to choose Treasuries over CDs for shorter-term investments, but it depends on your situation.
Cons of I Bonds
This cap makes I Bonds unsuitable for those looking to invest larger sums. Early withdrawal penalty: If you cash in your I Bonds before five years have passed, you lose the last three months of earned interest. This penalty may impact liquidity for those who need their funds sooner.
Roth Individual Retirement Account (IRA) or Roth 401(k): Interest earned in a Roth account is not taxed until it is withdrawn. And, if you are older than age 59 ½, you will owe no income taxes at all on the interest. However, early withdrawals before age 59 ½ incur a 10% penalty in addition to any income tax due.
If a financial institution pays the bond, you get a 1099-INT from that financial institution either soon after you cash your bond or by January 31 of the following year.