You could move a large percentage of your 401K into the money market portion of the fund or stable value fund area. If you are losing sleep, place 90% or more in a stable value fund. Your expense ratio may increase, but the chances of a recession taking a ``significant'' percentage of your 401K will be reduced.
Withdrawing money from your 401(k) before age 59 ½ usually results in taxes and costly penalties, but there are several ways to withdraw money penalty-free. Still, it may be best to not touch your retirement savings until you're retired.
During a downturn, the best thing to do, if you have the means, is increase your 401K contribution. If your 401k is showing a loss when the market is not, then you need to rebalance and invest those funds in a more diversified portfolio - not reduce your contribution.
What is a 401(k) and IRA withdrawal penalty? Generally, if you withdraw money from a 401(k) before the plan's normal retirement age or from an IRA before turning 59 ½, you'll pay an additional 10 percent in income tax as a penalty. But there are some exceptions that allow for penalty-free withdrawals.
Deferring Social Security payments, rolling over old 401(k)s, setting up IRAs to avoid the mandatory 20% federal income tax, and keeping your capital gains taxes low are among the best strategies for reducing taxes on your 401(k) withdrawal.
Cons: Hardship withdrawals from 401(k) accounts are generally taxed as ordinary income. Also, a 10% early withdrawal penalty applies on withdrawals before age 59½, unless you meet one of the IRS exceptions. Sign up for Fidelity Viewpoints weekly email for our latest insights.
Try to avoid making 401(k) withdrawals before age 59 ½, as you will incur taxes on the withdrawal (unless you have a Roth account) in addition to a 10% penalty. If you are closer to retirement, it's smart to shift your 401(k) allocations to more conservative assets like bonds and money market funds.
It's better to own broadly diversified mutual funds or index funds that track a broad basket of stocks, such as the S&P 500. The fixed-income portion of your portfolio, which consists of bonds, money markets, CDs, and other cash equivalents, will act as a downside buffer against a steep stock market decline.
The reality is that stocks do have market risk, but even those of you close to retirement or retired should stay invested in stocks to some degree in order to benefit from the upside over time. If you're 65, you could have two decades or more of living ahead of you and you'll want that potential boost.
“As a general rule, dipping into your retirement funds to cover a short-term need could end up costing you more in the long run,” says Walker. “If it's possible, I'd encourage you to consider other ways to access cash that could be more beneficial to your long- and short-term financial goals.”
Treasuries are safe investments because they are backed by the “full faith and credit” of the US federal government. The US government has never defaulted on a debt obligation. One special category of treasury securities is Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities (TIPS). TIPS interest rates are indexed to inflation.
As a general rule, if you withdraw funds before age 59 ½, you'll trigger an IRS tax penalty of 10%. The good news is that there's a way to take your distributions a few years early without incurring this penalty. This is known as the rule of 55.
Your investment is put into various asset options, including stocks. The value of those stocks is directly tied to the stock market's performance. This means that when the stock market is up, so is your investment, and vice versa. The odds are the value of your retirement savings may decline if the market crashes.
Don't “panic sell” your investments
The stock market historically has bounced back from short-term declines, so pulling your investments could mean missing out on some of the market's best days. Staying invested is usually safer than trying to time the market. Selling is how you realize losses in your account.
It's possible to roll 401(k) money into a CD without paying tax penalties but there are some guidelines for doing so. First, you'll need to make sure you're using the right type of CD. Specifically, that means an IRA CD. An IRA CD is a CD account that's funded through an IRA and enjoys its tax benefits.
During a freeze, the investments in your 401(k) account will continue to gain or lose value with the market. You may have the option of rolling over the money in your frozen 401(k) into an eligible IRA.
Selling all your stocks and hiding out in cash isn't a good long-term strategy for growing wealth, but many investors like the feeling of protection that cash provides in a recession or market downturn. Having some cash on hand is always a good idea, but it should be used strategically, rather than in a panic.
Should I Move my 401(k) to a Stable Value Fund? This depends on your risk tolerance, and how long you have until you retire. Stable value funds are ideal for investors nearing retirement. They are not designed for growth.
The only time you should withdraw money from or cash out your 401(k) is to avoid bankruptcy or foreclosure—and that's only if you've exhausted all other options, like taking on extra jobs and a short sale on your house.
Rebalancing your portfolio, or changing how much you have in different assets, is another vital component of protecting retirement savings from crashes. The idea is that over time, some investments may fare better than others, changing the percentage of money in each asset and potentially exposing you to more risk.
One of the best options is doing a 401(k) rollover to an individual retirement account (IRA). The other options include cashing it out and paying the taxes and a withdrawal penalty, leaving it where it is if your ex-employer allows this, or transferring it into your new employer's 401(k) plan—if one exists.
In other words, if you have a solid financial plan, and your 401(k) is well-optimized, sometimes the best thing to do in a market downturn is to stay the course, especially if you are a younger investor with years until retirement.
By age 50, you should have six times your salary in an account. By age 60, you should have eight times your salary working for you. By age 67, your total savings total goal is 10 times the amount of your current annual salary. So, for example, if you're earning $75,000 per year, you should have $750,000 saved.
One of the easiest ways to lower the amount of taxes you have to pay on 401(k) withdrawals is to convert to a Roth IRA or Roth 401(k). Withdrawals from Roth accounts are not taxed.