What are financial liabilities under IFRS 9?

Asked by: Mrs. Eugenia Leannon  |  Last update: July 20, 2026
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Under IFRS 9, financial liabilities are contractual obligations to deliver cash or another financial asset, or to exchange instruments under unfavorable conditions. They are initially recognized at fair value (minus transaction costs) and subsequently measured at either amortized cost or Fair Value Through Profit or Loss (FVTPL), with strict rules for trading liabilities.

What is a financial liability under IFRS 9?

IFRS 9 allows companies to designate a financial liability as measured at FVTPL if it would eliminate or significantly reduce a measurement or recognition inconsistency (an 'accounting mismatch') which would otherwise arise from measuring assets or liabilities or recognising the gains and losses on them on different ...

What are examples of financial liabilities?

A financial liability is any money owed to another party. Common personal liabilities include home mortgages and student loans, while common business liabilities include accounts payable and deferred revenue. Liabilities can be short-term, such as credit card debt, or long-term, such as mortgages.

What are your financial liabilities?

A financial liability is an obligation that a company or individual has to pay for or deliver. Examples include bank loans, leasing agreements, other payables, and interest-bearing financial liabilities.

What is the difference between a financial asset and a financial liability?

Liabilities can help owners finance their companies (e.g., loans). Assets: Items or resources of value that the business owns. Assets can generate revenue and provide long-term benefits to the owner (e.g., property).

ACCA P2 IFRS 9 – Financial liabilities

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What are financial liabilities and non financial liabilities?

It emphasizes that a financial liability is a present obligation to transfer economic resources, while non-financial liabilities include obligations like warranties and taxes. Additionally, it specifies the measurement of these liabilities, including initial and subsequent valuation approaches.

What are Type 3 liabilities?

Type III liabilities

The third type of liabilities have uncertain future amounts but known payout dates. These are called Type III liabilities. An example of Type III liabilities are floating rate instruments and real rate bonds such as Treasury Inflation Protection Securities (TIPS).

What is a financial liability as per IFRS?

Financial liability: any liability that is: a contractual obligation: to deliver cash or another financial asset to another entity; or. to exchange financial assets or financial liabilities with another entity under conditions that are potentially unfavourable to the entity; or.

What are the 4 types of liabilities?

Based on categorisation, liabilities can be classified into five types: contingent, current, non-current, common (like mortgage and student loans), and statutes (like taxes payable).

Is a car a financial liability?

Yes and no. The vehicle is an asset with a cash value if you need to sell it. However, the car loan is a liability, and the loan should be deducted from the car's value.

What is not a financial liability?

As described in Section 12.2, non-financial liabilities are those liabilities that are settled through the delivery of something other than cash. Often, the liability will be settled by the delivery of goods or services in a future period.

How to classify financial liabilities?

Financial liabilities

A financial instrument will be a financial liability, as opposed to being an equity instrument, where it contains an obligation to repay. Financial liabilities are then classified and accounted for as either fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL) or at amortised cost.

What are current financial liabilities?

Current liabilities are financial obligations generally due within one year. Examples of current liabilities are accounts payable, short-term debt, dividends, and income tax.

What is IFRS 9 modification of financial liabilities?

4.6 of IFRS 9 applies to the recognition of a modification gain or loss on a financial liability and requires the amortised cost of a financial liability to be adjusted to reflect the revised contractual cash flows, discounted at the original EIR.

What are the two main classifications of financial assets under IFRS 9?

IFRS 9 introduces a more principles based approach to the classification of financial assets which must be classified into one of four categories:

  • Amortised cost.
  • FVTPL.
  • Fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI) for debt and.
  • FVTOCI for equity.

What are the three pillars of IFRS 9?

There are three pillars to IFRS 9 – classification and measurement, impairment and hedge accounting. Although corporates may see some change in the first two areas, the hedge accounting changes are the ones that are likely to have the biggest impact.

What is financial liability?

In financial accounting, a liability is a quantity of value that a financial entity owes. More technically, it is value that an entity is expected to deliver in the future to satisfy a present obligation arising from past events.

What are the 7 current liabilities?

The 7 common current liabilities, representing short-term obligations due within a year, typically include Accounts Payable, Short-Term Notes Payable (or Debt), Accrued Expenses (like salaries/wages/interest), Taxes Payable (income/payroll), Unearned Revenue (deferred revenue), Payroll Liabilities, and the Current Portion of Long-Term Debt, all critical for assessing a company's liquidity.
 

What are 10 examples of liabilities?

Ten examples of liabilities include Accounts Payable, Loans Payable, Salaries/Wages Payable, Taxes Payable, Interest Payable, Unearned Revenue, Mortgages Payable, Deferred Revenue, Lease Obligations, and Bonds Payable, representing money owed for goods, services, borrowed funds, or obligations due to suppliers, employees, lenders, and governments, categorized as short-term (current) or long-term.
 

What are the five financial instruments?

5 Essential Financial Instruments To Consider In FY20 Financial Plan

  • Equity Linked Savings Scheme (ELSS) ELSS is a type of mutual fund plan wherein you can invest by making monthly payments or a lump sum payment. ...
  • Public Provident Fund. ...
  • Insurance. ...
  • Sovereign Gold Bonds.

How do you calculate financial liabilities?

Identify all long-term liabilities: List obligations due beyond one year, such as loans, bonds, and long-term lease commitments. Sum long-term liabilities: Total these balances, excluding any current portions already counted. Calculate total liabilities: Add current and long-term liability subtotals together.

What are the 3 stages of IFRS 9?

IFRS 9 Stage 1,2,3: The Three Stages of Expected Credit Losses

  • Stage 1: “12-month expected credit losses” (The Honeymoon Phase)
  • Stage 2: Lifetime Expected Credit Losses (The Warning Signs)
  • Stage 3: Lifetime Expected Credit Losses on Amortised Cost (Houston, We Have a Problem)

What are Level 3 financial liabilities?

Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the related assets or liabilities. Level 3 assets and liabilities include those whose value is determined using market standard valuation techniques described above.

What are 5 liabilities?

Current (short-term) liabilities include: accounts payable, notes payable, tax obligations, accrued expenses, unearned include, short-term portion of a long-term liability, and other maturing obligations.

What is a liability in IFRS?

Liability = present obligation of the entity arising from past events, the settlement of which is expected to result in an outflow from the entity of resources embodying economic benefits. Obligation = duty or responsibility.