Key Takeaways
One key disadvantage: Roth IRA contributions are made with after-tax money, meaning that there's no tax deduction in the year of the contribution. Another drawback is that withdrawals of account earnings must not be made until at least five years have passed since the first contribution.
That means there's no need to put off investing, people! Once you're out of debt with a fully funded emergency fund, you can dive right in. The goal is to invest 15% of your income for retirement.
Why are mutual funds the only investment option Dave recommends? Well, Dave likes mutual funds because they spread your investment across many companies, and that helps you avoid the risks that come with investing in single stocks and other “trendy” investments (we're looking at you, Dogecoin).
A Roth IRA or 401(k) makes the most sense if you're confident of having a higher income in retirement than you do now. If you expect your income (and tax rate) to be lower in retirement than at present, a traditional IRA or 401(k) is likely the better bet.
But even when you're close to retirement or already in retirement, opening this special retirement savings vehicle can still make sense under some circumstances. There is no age limit to open a Roth IRA, but there are income and contribution limits that investors should be aware of before funding one.
Contributions to a 401(k) are pretax, meaning they reduce your income before your taxes are withdrawn from your paycheck. Conversely, there is no tax deduction for contributions to a Roth IRA, but contributions can be withdrawn tax-free in retirement.
Key points. Retirement investors have multiple choices for tax-advantaged retirement investing. A Roth IRA is a popular option, and one favored by Dave Ramsey. There are several reasons investing in a Roth IRA can be a good choice, including tax-free growth.
Yes, you can lose money in a Roth IRA. Your investment choices within the account and market conditions will determine whether the value of your Roth IRA goes up or down. However, you can not lose money in a Roth IRA fixed index annuity.
That's why you should spread your investments equally across four types of mutual funds: growth and income, growth, aggressive growth, and international.
Once you know what lifestyle you want and where your current savings and investments stand, then you can calculate what you will need to retire. Dave explains that if you want an annual retirement income of $40,000, you'll need about $500,000. That's a lot of money, but it gives you freedom.
Senator Elizabeth Warren popularized the so-called "50/20/30 budget rule" (sometimes labeled "50-30-20") in her book, All Your Worth: The Ultimate Lifetime Money Plan. The basic rule is to divide up after-tax income and allocate it to spend: 50% on needs, 30% on wants, and socking away 20% to savings.
The Roth IRA five-year rule says you cannot withdraw earnings tax-free until it's been at least five years since you first contributed to a Roth IRA account. This five-year rule applies to everyone who contributes to a Roth IRA, whether they're 59 ½ or 105 years old.
Minors cannot generally open brokerage accounts in their own name until they are 18, so a Roth IRA for Kids requires an adult to serve as custodian. The custodian maintains control of the child's Roth IRA, including decisions about contributions, investments, and distributions.
Because the maximum annual contribution amount for a Roth IRA is $6,000, following a dollar-cost-averaging approach means you would therefore contribute $500 a month to your IRA. If you're 50 or older, your $7,000 limit translates to $583 a month.
The safest place to put your retirement funds is in low-risk investments and savings options with guaranteed growth. Low-risk investments and savings options include fixed annuities, savings accounts, CDs, treasury securities, and money market accounts. Of these, fixed annuities usually provide the best interest rates.
Roth IRA investors can lose money for several reasons, such as market volatility and withdrawal penalties. While investors can avoid some of them, others can't be controlled, no matter how much they try. So, before investing in a Roth IRA, people need to understand the risks that might affect their bottom line.
If you want to move your individual retirement account (IRA) balance from one provider to another, simply call the current provider and request a “trustee-to-trustee” transfer. This moves money directly from one financial institution to another, and it won't trigger taxes.
For many people, rolling their 401(k) account balance over into an IRA is the best choice. By rolling your 401(k) money into an IRA, you'll avoid immediate taxes and your retirement savings will continue to grow tax-deferred.
That said, Roth IRA accounts have historically delivered between 7% and 10% average annual returns.
You can have more than one Roth IRA, and you can open more than one Roth IRA at any time. There is no limit to the number of Roth IRA accounts you can have. However, no matter how many Roth IRAs you have, your total contributions cannot exceed the limits set by the government.
The Bottom Line
If you have earned income and meet the income limits, a Roth IRA can be an excellent tool for retirement savings. Once you put money into a Roth, you're done paying taxes on it, as long as you follow the withdrawal rules.
But it can also be a good option for more mature investors. Unlike the traditional IRA, where contributions aren't allowed after age 70½, you're never too old to open a Roth IRA. As long as you're still drawing earned income and breath, the IRS is fine with you opening and funding a Roth.