What is the basic promissory note?

Asked by: Glenda Padberg  |  Last update: December 30, 2025
Score: 4.8/5 (23 votes)

What Does a Promissory Note Contain? A form of debt instrument, a promissory note represents a written promise on the part of the issuer to pay back another party. A promissory note will include the agreed-upon terms between the two parties, such as the maturity date, principal, interest, and issuer's signature.

What is the most common example of a promissory note?

A simple promissory note might be for a lump sum repayment on a certain date. For example, let's say you lend your friend $1,000 and he agrees to repay you by December 1st. The full amount is due on that date, and there is no payment schedule involved.

Can I write my own promissory note?

  • Absolutely.
  • A promissory note is a specific promise to pay if the conditions of the note are met.
  • They are treated as negotiable (which means they're good for their face value, just like a cheque) and as a bill of exchange.

Is a notarized promissory note legal?

You can typically sign a legally binding promissory note that contains unconditional pledges to pay a certain sum of money. However, you can strengthen the legality of a valid promissory note by having it notarized. It never hurts to add a layer of protection as you may have to use it in court.

Do promissory notes hold up in court?

Promissory notes are legally binding whether the note is secured by collateral or based only on the promise of repayment. If you lend money to someone who defaults on a promissory note and does not repay, you can legally possess any property that individual promised as collateral.

What is a promissory note?

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Is a handwritten promissory note legal?

Promissory notes are quite simple and can be prepared by anyone. They do not need to be prepared by a lawyer or be notarized. It isn't even particularly significant whether a promissory note is handwritten or typed and printed.

Can you go to jail for a promissory note?

Promissory note fraud is a crime and those involved in a scam can face a lengthy prison sentence if convicted of fraud offenses.

What makes a promissory note invalid?

A promissory note could become invalid if: It isn't signed by both parties. The note violates laws. One party tries to change the terms of the agreement without notifying the other party.

Does a promissory note need to be signed by both parties?

Essential Elements of a Promissory Note

Principal Amount: States the exact amount of money borrowed. Interest Rate: Specifies the interest rate, if applicable. Repayment Terms: Details the repayment schedule and dates. Signatures: Both parties must sign to validate the agreement.

How to make a personal loan legally binding?

For a personal loan agreement to be enforceable, it must be documented in writing, as well as signed and dated by all parties involved. It's also a good idea to have the document notarized or signed by a witness.

Can you be sued for a promissory note?

Demand for payment: The lender can demand that the borrower immediately repay the outstanding balance according to the terms of the promissory note. Legal action: The lender may choose to take legal action against the borrower to recover the outstanding balance, often by filing a lawsuit for breach of contract.

What does IOU stand for?

An IOU, a phonetic acronym of the words "I owe you," is a document that acknowledges the existence of a debt. An IOU is often viewed as an informal written agreement rather than a legally binding commitment. Dating as far back as the 18th century, at least, IOUs are still very much in use.

Who keeps the original promissory note?

The lender keeps the original promissory note until you have fulfilled all obligations, i.e., paid off, your mortgage. A promissory note will generally contain the following information: The total amount of money borrowed; Your interest rate (either fixed or adjustable);

How do I write a simple promissory note?

But what exactly do you need to write a promissory note? Include their full legal names, addresses, and contact numbers—include any co-signers if applicable. The terms of this note should specify the amount borrowed, repayment terms (including interest rate, if applicable), and the due date or schedule of payments.

What are the rules for promissory note?

The note must clearly mention only the promise of making the repayment and no other conditions. After issuance, a Promissory Note must be stamped according to the regulations of the Indian Stamp Act.

Does a promissory note create a lien?

While they are very similar, the unsecured promissory note only represents the borrower's promise to pay the full amount plus interest, while a mortgage puts a lien on the real estate that allows the lender to foreclose on it in the case of nonpayment.

Is a notarized promissory note legally binding?

Even without a signature from a notary public, it can still be a valid promissory note. Getting your loan agreement notarized can strengthen it in sensitive cases: Notarizing your note could make it legally stronger. 💪 This means it's more likely to stand up in court thanks to the extra witness of a notary public.

Who holds the promissory note while it's being repaid?

A lender holds the promissory note until the mortgage loan is paid off.

What happens if someone doesn't pay a promissory note?

If the borrower does not repay you, your legal recourse could include repossessing any collateral the borrower put up against the note, sending the debt to a collection agency, selling the promissory note (so someone else can try to collect it), or filing a lawsuit against the borrower.

What are the problems with promissory notes?

Fraud and investor deception related to promissory notes is significant. Fraudulent promissory note programs often promise very high or guaranteed returns to investors, state that the notes are backed by collateral to guarantee them, or make other appealing but ultimately unfounded claims.

Can a promissory note be handwritten?

Whether a promissory note is hand written or typed and signed, it is a legally, binding contract. LendingTree quoted Vincent Averaimo for saying, “However, it would be foolish to sign a handwritten promissory note as it is easier to add language to a handwritten note after the fact as opposed to a typewritten one.”

What happens if the maker of a promissory note fails to pay?

If the maker fails to pay according to the terms of the promissory note, the holder can foreclose on the property that secured the note, thereby recovering the unpaid principal of the note, interest, fees and expenses. An unsecured promissory note is one that is not secured by any collateral.

What voids a promissory note?

Changes Made without a New Agreement

Modifying a promissory note without all parties' consent can void the note. Proper documentation and agreement through a new contract or amendment are necessary to maintain the note's validity.

Can I go to jail for not paying a personal loan?

It's possible to serve jail time if you've failed to pay your federal taxes or make child support payments. You can't go to jail merely for owing credit card, student loan, personal loan or other types of debt, which we'll explain below.

How legit is a promissory note?

Promissory notes can be appropriate investments for many investors. But, promissory notes that are sold broadly to individual investors are often scams. What you can do to avoid promissory note fraud: Typically, promissory notes are securities.